DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2250
论文题名: Changes in groundwater chemistry before two consecutive earthquakes in Iceland
作者: Skelton A. ; Andrén M. ; Kristmannsdóttir H. ; Stockmann G. ; Mörth C.-M. ; Sveinbjörnsdóttir Á. ; Jónsson S. ; Sturkell E. ; Gudrúnardóttir H.R. ; Hjartarson H. ; Siegmund H. ; Kockum I.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2014
卷: 7, 期: 10 起始页码: 752
结束页码: 756
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: borehole
; concentration (composition)
; dissolved matter
; earthquake event
; groundwater pollution
; magnitude
; seismic response
; stable isotope
; stress change
; water chemistry
; Iceland
英文摘要: Groundwater chemistry has been observed to change before earthquakes and is proposed as a precursor signal. Such changes include variations in radon count rates12, concentrations of dissolved elements3-5 and stable isotope ratios45. Changes in seismic wave velocities6, water levels in boreholes7, micro-seismicity8 and shear wave splitting9 are also thought to precede earthquakes. Precursor activity has been attributed to expansion of rock volume7,10,11. However, most studies of precursory phenomena lack sufficient data to rule out other explanations unrelated to earthquakes12. For example, reproducibility of a precursor signal has seldom been shown and few precursors have been evaluated statistically. Here we analyse the stable isotope ratios and dissolved element concentrations of groundwater taken from a borehole in northern Iceland between 2008 and 2013. We find that the chemistry of the groundwater changed four to six months before two greater than magnitude 5 earthquakes that occurred in October 2012 and April 2013. Statistical analyses indicate that the changes in groundwater chemistry were associated with the earthquakes. We suggest that the changes were caused by crustal dilation associated with stress build-up before each earthquake, which caused different groundwater components to mix. Although the changes we detect are specific for the site in Iceland, we infer that similar processes may be active elsewhere, and that groundwater chemistry is a promising target for future studies on the predictability of earthquakes. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106407
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应 科学计划与规划
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作者单位: Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; University of Akureyri, Akureyri, Iceland; Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia; Department of Earth Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden; Landsvirkjun, Reykjavík, Iceland; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Recommended Citation:
Skelton A.,Andrén M.,Kristmannsdóttir H.,et al. Changes in groundwater chemistry before two consecutive earthquakes in Iceland[J]. Nature Geoscience,2014-01-01,7(10)