globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2244
论文题名:
Seismic precursors linked to super-critical fluids at oceanic transform faults
作者: Géli L.; Piau J.-M.; Dziak R.; Maury V.; Fitzenz D.; Coutellier Q.; Henry P.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2014
卷: 7, 期:10
起始页码: 757
结束页码: 761
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Cam-clay model ; compressive strength ; critical state ; deformation mechanism ; earthquake rupture ; fault slip ; foreshock ; hydrothermal fluid ; oceanic crust ; seismic hazard ; tectonic setting
英文摘要: Large earthquakes on mid-ocean ridge transform faults are commonly preceded by foreshocks1-3 and changes in the seismic properties of the fault zone3. These seismic precursors could be linked to fluid-related processes2,3. Hydrothermal fluids within young, hot crust near the intersection of oceanic transform faults are probably in a supercritical condition4. At constant temperature, supercriticalfluids become significantly more compressible with decreasing pressure, with potential impacts on fault behaviour. Here we use a theoretical model to show that oceanic transform faults can switch from dilatant and progressive deformation to rupture in response to fluid-related processes. We assume that the fault core material behaves according to a Cam-clay-type5 constitutive law, which is commonly used to account for the behaviour of clays. According to our model, we find that the fault is initially stable, with stresses gradually increasing over a timescale of years in response to tectonic loading. The fault evolves into a metastable phase, lasting a few days, during which the fault rocks dilate and pore pressures decrease, causing the compressibility of the supercritical fluids to increase. This in turn triggers fault-slip instability that creates foreshock swarms. In the final phase, the fault fails in the mainshock rupture. Our results imply that seismic precursors are caused by changes in fluid pressure which result in variations in fluid compressibility, in response to rock deformation just before rupture. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106411
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
科学计划与规划

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作者单位: Ifremer, Marine Geosciences Department, Institut Carnot Ifremer-EDROME, BP 70, Plouzané, France; Department of Materials and Structures (MAST), IFSTTAR, Centre de Nantes, CS4, Bouguenais Cedex, France; Cooperative Institute for Marine Resource Studies, Oregon State University, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR, United States; Université Montpellier II, Géosciences Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier, France; IFP School, 228-232 Av. Napoléon Bonaparte, Rueil-Malmaison, France; RMS, 7575 Gateway Blvd., Newark, CA, United States; ENIB, Parvis Blaise Pascal, Plouzané, France; CEREGE, Aix-Marseille Université, BP 80, Aix en Provence Cedex 04, France

Recommended Citation:
Géli L.,Piau J.-M.,Dziak R.,et al. Seismic precursors linked to super-critical fluids at oceanic transform faults[J]. Nature Geoscience,2014-01-01,7(10)
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