globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2044
论文题名:
Volcanic plume height correlated with magma-pressure change at Grímsvötn Volcano, Iceland
作者: Hreinsdóttir S.; Sigmundsson F.; Roberts M.J.; Björnsson H.; Grapenthin R.; Arason P.; Árnadóttir T.; Hólmjárn J.; Geirsson H.; Bennett R.A.; Gudmundsson M.T.; Oddsson B.; Ófeigsson B.G.; Villemin T.; Jónsson T.; Sturkell E.; Höskuldsson Á.; Larsen G.; Thordarson T.; Óladóttir B.A.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2014
卷: 7, 期:3
起始页码: 214
结束页码: 218
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: deformation ; geodesy ; magma ; nonlinearity ; plume ; pressure drop ; real time ; volcanic eruption ; weather forecasting ; Grimsvotn ; Iceland
英文摘要: Magma flow during volcanic eruptions causes surface deformation that can be used to constrain the location, geometry and internal pressure evolution of the underlying magmatic source. The height of the volcanic plumes during explosive eruptions also varies with magma flow rate, in a nonlinear way. In May 2011, an explosive eruption at Grímsvötn Volcano, Iceland, erupted about 0.27 km 3 dense-rock equivalent of basaltic magma in an eruption plume that was about 20 km high. Here we use Global Positioning System (GPS) and tilt data, measured before and during the eruption at Grímsvötn Volcano, to show that the rate of pressure change in an underlying magma chamber correlates with the height of the volcanic plume over the course of the eruption. We interpret ground deformation of the volcano, measured by geodesy, to result from a pressure drop within a magma chamber at about 1.7 km depth. We estimate the rate of magma discharge and the associated evolution of the plume height by differentiating the co-eruptive pressure drop with time. The time from the initiation of the pressure drop to the onset of the eruption was about 60 min, with about 25% of the total pressure change preceding the eruption. Near-real-time geodetic observations can thus be useful for both timely eruption warnings and for constraining the evolution of volcanic plumes. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106554
Appears in Collections:气候减缓与适应
科学计划与规划

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作者单位: Nordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavík, Iceland; Icelandic Meteorological Office, IS-150 Reykjavík, Iceland; Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States; Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States; University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; EDYTEM, Université de Savoie/CNRS, F-73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France; University of Gothenburg, Sweden; GNS Science, New Zealand; UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States

Recommended Citation:
Hreinsdóttir S.,Sigmundsson F.,Roberts M.J.,et al. Volcanic plume height correlated with magma-pressure change at Grímsvötn Volcano, Iceland[J]. Nature Geoscience,2014-01-01,7(3)
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