DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1789
论文题名: Permanent deformation caused by subduction earthquakes in northern Chile
作者: Baker A. ; Allmendinger R.W. ; Owen L.A. ; Rech J.A.
刊名: Nature Geoscience
ISSN: 17520894
出版年: 2013
卷: 6, 期: 6 起始页码: 492
结束页码: 496
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: coseismic process
; cosmogenic radionuclide
; crack
; data set
; deformation
; earthquake magnitude
; geodetic datum
; GPS
; plate boundary
; subduction
; viscoelasticity
; Atacama Desert
; Chile
英文摘要: Earthquakes are accompanied by coseismic and post-seismic rebound: blocks of crust on either side of the fault spring back to their initial, undeformed configuration. This rebound is well documented by space geodetic data, such as the Global Positioning System. Thus, all earthquake-induced deformation of the crust is considered non-permanent and is modelled as an elastic or visco-elastic process. Here, however, we show that earthquakes larger than magnitude 7 in northern Chile caused the crust to deform permanently. We identify millimetre- to metre-scale tension cracks in the crust of the Atacama Desert and use cosmogenic nuclides to date the timing of crack formation. The cracks were formed by between 2,000 and 9,000 individual plate-boundary earthquakes that occurred in the past 0.8-1 million years. We show that up to 10% of the horizontal deformation generated during the earthquakes, recorded by Global Positioning System data and previously assumed to be recoverable, is permanent. Our data set provides a record of permanent strain in the shallow crust of the South American Plate. Although deformation of the deep crust may be predominantly elastic, we conclude that modelling of the earthquake cycle should also include a significant plastic component. © 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/106769
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应 科学计划与规划
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作者单位: Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States; Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States; Department of Geology and Environmental Earth Science, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
Recommended Citation:
Baker A.,Allmendinger R.W.,Owen L.A.,et al. Permanent deformation caused by subduction earthquakes in northern Chile[J]. Nature Geoscience,2013-01-01,6(6)