globalchange  > 影响、适应和脆弱性
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.07.015
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85050392596
论文题名:
Olivine xenocryst diffusion reveals rapid monogenetic basaltic magma ascent following complex storage at Pupuke Maar, Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand
作者: Brenna M.; Cronin S.J.; Smith I.E.M.; Tollan P.M.E.; Scott J.M.; Prior D.J.; Bambery K.; Ukstins I.A.
刊名: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ISSN: 0012821X
出版年: 2018
卷: 499
起始页码: 13
结束页码: 22
语种: 英语
英文关键词: alkaline basalt ; Auckland Volcanic Field ; magma ascent rates ; monogenetic basalt ; olivine xenocryst elemental diffusion ; water diffusion
Scopus关键词: Basalt ; Olivine ; Silicate minerals ; Trace elements ; Volcanoes ; Diffusion profiles ; Elemental diffusion ; Magma ascents ; Major and minor elements ; Major and trace elements ; Monogenetic volcanoes ; Volcanic field ; Water diffusion ; Diffusion ; alkaline rock ; basalt ; crystallography ; degassing ; diffusion ; magma ; mantle structure ; olivine ; seismic method ; tuff ; Auckland Volcanic Field ; Auckland [North Island] ; Lake Pupuke ; New Zealand ; North Island
英文摘要: Monogenetic basalts are spatially and temporally unpredictable and are commonly interpreted to rise extremely rapidly and directly from their mantle source, increasing their potential hazard. The assumption of rapid ascent is commonly based upon the presence of xenocrysts and xenoliths as well as generally short OH and elemental diffusion profiles at the margins of xenocrystic material. We show that small-volume monogenetic basalts may also have complex multi-stage deep mantle magma storage prior to rapid ascent, using coupled diffusion modelling of major and trace elements and OH within olivine xenocrysts. The xenocrysts and crystal clusters were extracted from a tuff ring in Auckland City (New Zealand), within the Late Pleistocene–Holocene 100 km2 Auckland Volcanic Field. Forsterite-rich olivine xenocrysts (Fo#89.5–91.7) have undergone Fe–Mg (Fo#), Ca, Ni and Mn element diffusion that extends up to ∼200 μm from their rims. Major and minor element diffusion at frozen melt–xenocryst interfaces was modelled using crystallographically oriented grains. These profiles show that the host basalt collected most of the olivine xenocrysts and xenoliths over approximately 1 month. The narrow OH diffusion profiles in the olivine suggests late-stage degassing over <1 day (i.e., not extremely rapid ascent rates). Some olivine crystals have diffusion profiles requiring step function initial conditions; these indicate that magma resided in the mantle for up to one year and accumulated from multiple batches of mixed magmas. Our results show that primitive magmas in small volume monogenetic volcanoes may have complex lithospheric magmatic histories, but they may suddenly rise to eruption, with seismic detection providing less than a week of warning. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/109710
Appears in Collections:影响、适应和脆弱性
气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Geology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Australia; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States; Institut für Geologie, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Recommended Citation:
Brenna M.,Cronin S.J.,Smith I.E.M.,et al. Olivine xenocryst diffusion reveals rapid monogenetic basaltic magma ascent following complex storage at Pupuke Maar, Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018-01-01,499
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