DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2018.01.011
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85044332581
论文题名: Tsunamigenic earthquake simulations using experimentally derived friction laws
作者: Murphy S. ; Di Toro G. ; Romano F. ; Scala A. ; Lorito S. ; Spagnuolo E. ; Aretusini S. ; Festa G. ; Piatanesi A. ; Nielsen S.
刊名: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ISSN: 0012821X
出版年: 2018
卷: 486 起始页码: 155
结束页码: 165
语种: 英语
英文关键词: dynamic rupture
; megathrust
; rock physics experiments
; subduction zone
; tsunami earthquake
Scopus关键词: Clay minerals
; Crystalline materials
; Crystalline rocks
; Earthquake engineering
; Earthquakes
; Friction
; Geodesy
; Lithology
; Rocks
; Shear stress
; Tribology
; Tsunamis
; Dynamic ruptures
; Earthquake rupture
; Earthquake simulation
; Geodetic observation
; Megathrust
; Rock physics
; Subduction zones
; Surface ruptures
; Faulting
; computer simulation
; earthquake rupture
; friction
; subduction zone
; Tohoku earthquake 2011
; tsunami
英文摘要: Seismological, tsunami and geodetic observations have shown that subduction zones are complex systems where the properties of earthquake rupture vary with depth as a result of different pre-stress and frictional conditions. A wealth of earthquakes of different sizes and different source features (e.g. rupture duration) can be generated in subduction zones, including tsunami earthquakes, some of which can produce extreme tsunamigenic events. Here, we offer a geological perspective principally accounting for depth-dependent frictional conditions, while adopting a simplified distribution of on-fault tectonic pre-stress. We combine a lithology-controlled, depth-dependent experimental friction law with 2D elastodynamic rupture simulations for a Tohoku-like subduction zone cross-section. Subduction zone fault rocks are dominantly incohesive and clay-rich near the surface, transitioning to cohesive and more crystalline at depth. By randomly shifting along fault dip the location of the high shear stress regions (“asperities”), moderate to great thrust earthquakes and tsunami earthquakes are produced that are quite consistent with seismological, geodetic, and tsunami observations. As an effect of depth-dependent friction in our model, slip is confined to the high stress asperity at depth; near the surface rupture is impeded by the rock-clay transition constraining slip to the clay-rich layer. However, when the high stress asperity is located in the clay-to-crystalline rock transition, great thrust earthquakes can be generated similar to the Mw 9 Tohoku (2011) earthquake. © 2018 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/110027
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy; Ifremer, Plouzané, France; University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; Università degli Studi di Padova, Padua, Italy; Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy; Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Murphy S.,Di Toro G.,Romano F.,et al. Tsunamigenic earthquake simulations using experimentally derived friction laws[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018-01-01,486