DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2017.11.036
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85035097227
论文题名: Evolution of b-value during the seismic cycle: Insights from laboratory experiments on simulated faults
作者: Rivière J. ; Lv Z. ; Johnson P.A. ; Marone C.
刊名: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
ISSN: 0012821X
出版年: 2018
卷: 482 起始页码: 407
结束页码: 413
语种: 英语
英文关键词: acoustic emission
; b-value
; earthquakes
; fault
; friction
; seismic cycle
Scopus关键词: Acoustic emission testing
; Acoustic emissions
; Faulting
; Forecasting
; Friction
; Geophysics
; Seismology
; Shear flow
; Shear stress
; Shearing
; Shearing machines
; B value
; Earthquake prediction
; Inter-seismic periods
; Inverse correlation
; Laboratory experiments
; Orders of magnitude
; seismic cycle
; Seismic hazard assessment
; Earthquakes
; acoustics
; broadband data
; earthquake mechanism
; earthquake prediction
; failure mechanism
; hazard assessment
; laboratory method
; seismic hazard
; shear stress
; slip rate
; stress field
英文摘要: We investigate the evolution of the frequency-magnitude b-value during stable and unstable frictional sliding experiments. Using a biaxial shear configuration, we record broadband acoustic emissions (AE) while shearing layers of simulated granular fault gouge under normal stresses of 2–8 MPa and shearing velocity of 11 μm/s. AE event amplitude ranges over 3–4 orders of magnitude and we find an inverse correlation between b and shear stress. The reduction of b occurs systematically as shear stress rises prior to stick–slip failure and indicates a greater proportion of large events when faults are more highly stressed. For quasi-periodic stick–slip events, the temporal evolution of b has a characteristic saw-tooth pattern: it slowly drops as shear stress increases and quickly jumps back up at the time of failure. The rate of decrease during the inter-seismic period is independent of normal stress but the average value of b decreases systematically with normal stress. For stable sliding, b is roughly constant during shear, however it exhibits large variability. During irregular stick–slip, we see a mix of both behaviors: b decreases during the interseismic period between events and then remains constant when shear stress stabilizes, until the next event where a co-seismic increase is observed. Our results will help improve seismic hazard assessment and, ultimately, could aid earthquake prediction efforts by providing a process-based understanding of temporal changes in b-value during the seismic cycle. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/110151
Appears in Collections: 影响、适应和脆弱性 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: University of Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University ParkPA 16802, United States; State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Geophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS D446, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States
Recommended Citation:
Rivière J.,Lv Z.,Johnson P.A.,et al. Evolution of b-value during the seismic cycle: Insights from laboratory experiments on simulated faults[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018-01-01,482