DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.09.029
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85054384355
论文题名: Late Holocene onset of intensive cultivation and introduction of the falaj irrigation system in the Salut oasis (Sultanate of Oman)
作者: Cremaschi M. ; Degli Esposti M. ; Fleitmann D. ; Perego A. ; Sibilia E. ; Zerboni A.
刊名: Quaternary Science Reviews
ISSN: 2773791
出版年: 2018
卷: 200 起始页码: 123
结束页码: 140
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Climate change
; Cultivation in ancient oasis
; Falaj
; Irrigation strategies
; Mid-Late Holocene
; Northern Oman
; U-series dating
Scopus关键词: Aquifers
; Cultivation
; Hydrogeology
; Irrigation
; Water supply
; Falaj
; Intensity fluctuations
; Irrigation methods
; Late Holocene
; Northern Oman
; Technological development
; U-series dating
; Underground tunnels
; Climate change
英文摘要: This paper discusses the time and steps of the introduction of intensive agriculture and evolution of irrigation systems to sustain crops in the palaeo-oasis of Salut in the northern Sultanate of Oman. Various geoarchaeological methods allow reconstructing the exploitation of the natural resources of the region and technological development of irrigation methods since the Mid-Holocene. Intensive agriculture started during the Bronze Age and continued with some spatial and intensity fluctuations up to the Islamic period. Cultivations were initially sustained by surface irrigation systems and later replaced by a dense net of aflaj, the typical surface/underground system adopted in the Levant, Arabian Peninsula and western Asia to collect water from deep piedmont aquifers and redistribute it to the fields located in the lowlands. Our results indicate that the aflaj were in use for a long period in the palaeo-oasis formed along Wadi Sayfam and surrounding the citadel of Salut. Uranium-Thorium dating of calcareous tufa formed in the underground tunnels of the aflaj suggests that they were used between ∼540 BCE and ∼1150 CE. After ∼1150 CE Wadi Sayfam were abandoned and the size of the oasis shrank substantially. During the late Islamic period, a surface aqueduct descending from the piedmont of Jabal Shams secured water supply. Our work confirms that in arid lands archaeological and historical communities were able to actively modulate their response to climate changes by using a variety of technological strategies. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112020
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Dipartimento di Scienze delle Terra “A. Desio”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 34, Milano, I-20133, Italy; Associated member UMR 6566, CReAAH, Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire, France; Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, School of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Dipartimento di Scienze dei Materiali, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milano, I-20125, Italy
Recommended Citation:
Cremaschi M.,Degli Esposti M.,Fleitmann D.,et al. Late Holocene onset of intensive cultivation and introduction of the falaj irrigation system in the Salut oasis (Sultanate of Oman)[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2018-01-01,200