DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.06.001
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85049307532
论文题名: Alkaline dehydration of anion–exchanged human urine: Volume reduction, nutrient recovery and process optimisation
作者: Simha P. ; Senecal J. ; Nordin A. ; Lalander C. ; Vinnerås B.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 142 起始页码: 325
结束页码: 336
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Decentralised sanitation
; Ion–exchange
; Response surface optimisation
; Urea stabilisation
; Urease
; Urine dehydration
Scopus关键词: Ammonia
; Body fluids
; Ion exchange
; Ions
; Metabolism
; Nutrients
; Optimization
; Sanitation
; Stabilization
; Urea
; Decentralised
; Dehydration process
; Nutrient recovery
; Optimisations
; Process optimisation
; Sanitation systems
; Urease
; Volume reductions
; Dehydration
; ammonia
; carbon
; nitrogen
; alkalinity
; ammonia
; bacterium
; dehydration
; enzyme
; enzyme activity
; hydrolysis
; ion exchange
; nitrogen
; nutrient dynamics
; optimization
; reduction
; sanitation
; urea
; urine
; adult
; aged
; alkalinity
; alkalinization
; anion exchange
; Article
; female
; human
; male
; nutrient
; priority journal
; process optimization
; sanitation
; temperature sensitivity
; urine volume
; wood ash
; Bacteria (microorganisms)
英文摘要: In urine-separating sanitation systems, bacterial urease enzymes can hydrolyse urea to ammonia during the pipe transport and storage of urine. The present study investigated whether it was possible to reduce the urine volume without losing the nitrogen as ammonia. A method for stabilising the urine prior to dehydration was developed. Briefly, fresh human urine was stabilised by passage through an anion–exchanger, added to an alkaline media (wood ash or alkalised biochar), and dehydrated. Urine dehydration was investigated at three temperatures: 40, 45 and 50 °C. The influence of various factors affecting the dehydration process was modelled and the rate of urine dehydration was optimised. Results indicated that 75% (v/v) of the urine has to pass through the ion–exchanger for alkaline stabilisation of urine to occur. At all investigated temperatures, the dehydrator accomplished >90% volume reduction of ion–exchanged urine, > 70% N retention and 100% recovery of P and K. To realise high degree of nutrient valorisation, this study proposes combining source–separation of human urine with alkaline dehydration. © 2018 The Authors Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112608
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University, Nádor utca 9, Budapest, 1051, Hungary; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Energy and Technology, Box 7032, Uppsala, SE–750 07, Sweden
Recommended Citation:
Simha P.,Senecal J.,Nordin A.,et al. Alkaline dehydration of anion–exchanged human urine: Volume reduction, nutrient recovery and process optimisation[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,142