| DOI: | 10.1016/j.watres.2018.04.031
|
| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-85047402166
|
| 论文题名: | Prospective environmental risk assessment of mixtures in wastewater treatment plant effluents – Theoretical considerations and experimental verification |
| 作者: | Coors A.; Vollmar P.; Sacher F.; Polleichtner C.; Hassold E.; Gildemeister D.; Kühnen U.
|
| 刊名: | Water Research
|
| ISSN: | 431354
|
| 出版年: | 2018
|
| 卷: | 140 | | 起始页码: | 56
|
| 结束页码: | 66
|
| 语种: | 英语
|
| 英文关键词: | Chronic aquatic toxicity
; Corrosion inhibitor
; Flame-retardant
; Fungicides
; Mixture risk assessment
; Pharmaceuticals
|
| Scopus关键词: | Chemicals
; Corrosion inhibitors
; Drug products
; Effluents
; Flame retardants
; Fungicides
; Mixtures
; Organic pollutants
; Safety factor
; Sewage pumping plants
; Toxicity
; Wastewater treatment
; Water treatment plants
; Aquatic toxicity
; Environmental mixtures
; Environmental risk assessment
; Experimental verification
; Invertebrate Daphnia magna
; Predicted no-effect concentrations
; Wastewater treatment plant effluent
; Wastewater treatment plants
; Risk assessment
; amlodipine
; fluconazole
; fluoxetine
; linezolid
; methyl paraben
; metoprolol
; propiconazole
; aquatic environment
; effluent
; environmental risk
; experimental study
; flame retardant
; inhibitor
; invertebrate
; risk assessment
; surface water
; theoretical study
; toxicity
; wastewater treatment plant
; aquatic environment
; Article
; chronic toxicity
; corrosion
; Daphnia magna
; growth inhibition
; Lemna minor
; limit of detection
; priority journal
; prospective study
; risk assessment
; Selenastrum capricornutum
; uncertainty
; waste water treatment plant
; Daphnia magna
; Invertebrata
|
| 英文摘要: | The aquatic environment is continually exposed to a complex mixture of chemicals, whereby effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are one key source. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether environmental risk assessments (ERAs) addressing individual substances are sufficiently protective for such coincidental mixtures. Based on a literature review of chemicals reported to occur in municipal WWTP effluents and mode-of-action considerations, four different types of mixtures were composed containing human pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and chemicals regulated under REACH. The experimentally determined chronic aquatic toxicity of these mixtures towards primary producers and the invertebrate Daphnia magna could be adequately predicted by the concept of concentration addition, with up to 5-fold overestimation and less than 3-fold underestimation of mixture toxicity. Effluents of a municipal WWTP had no impact on the predictability of mixture toxicity and showed no adverse effects on the test organisms. Predictive ERAs for the individual mixture components based on here derived predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) and median measured concentrations in WWTP effluents (MCeff) indicated no unacceptable risk for any of the individual chemicals, while MCeff/PNEC summation indicated a possible risk for multi-component mixtures. However, a refined mixture assessment based on the sum of toxic units at species level indicated no unacceptable risks, and allowed for a safety margin of more than factor 10, not taking into account any dilution of WWTP effluents by surface waters. Individual substances, namely climbazole, fenofibric acid and fluoxetine, were dominating the risks of the investigated mixtures, while added risk due to the mixture was found to be low with the risk quotient being increased by less than factor 2. Yet, uncertainty remains regarding chronic mixture toxicity in fish, which was not included in the present study. The number and identity of substances composing environmental mixtures such as WWTP effluents is typically unknown. Therefore, a mixture assessment factor is discussed as an option for a prospective ERA of mixtures of unknown composition. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd |
| Citation statistics: |
|
| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
|
| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112698
|
| Appears in Collections: | 气候减缓与适应
|
|
There are no files associated with this item.
|
|
作者单位: | ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Boettgerstrasse 2-14, Flörsheim/Main, 65439, Germany; DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Straße 84, Karlsruhe, 76139, Germany; UBA – German Environment Agency, Schichauweg 58, Berlin, 12307, Germany; UBA – German Environment Agency, Wörlitzer Platz 1, Dessau-Roßlau, 06844, Germany
|
| Recommended Citation: | |
Coors A.,Vollmar P.,Sacher F.,et al. Prospective environmental risk assessment of mixtures in wastewater treatment plant effluents – Theoretical considerations and experimental verification[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,140
|
|
|