DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.056
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85042706261
论文题名: Quantification of pathogens and markers of fecal contamination during storm events along popular surfing beaches in San Diego, California
作者: Steele J.A. ; Blackwood A.D. ; Griffith J.F. ; Noble R.T. ; Schiff K.C.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 136 起始页码: 137
结束页码: 149
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Campylobacter
; Digital droplet PCR
; Human adenovirus
; Human norovirus
; Microbial source tracking (MST) marker
; Recreational water quality
Scopus关键词: Bacteria
; Beaches
; Birds
; Contamination
; Discharge (fluid mechanics)
; Drops
; Genes
; Pathogens
; Polymerase chain reaction
; Risk assessment
; River pollution
; Sanitary sewers
; Storm sewers
; Viruses
; Water analysis
; Water quality
; Watersheds
; Campylobacters
; Digital droplet PCR
; Human adenovirus
; Microbial source tracking
; Norovirus
; Recreational water quality
; Storms
; bacterial DNA
; storm water
; sea water
; bacterium
; bioassay
; biomarker
; climate conditions
; coastal water
; coastal wetland
; concentration (composition)
; fecal coliform
; pathogen
; polymerase chain reaction
; quantitative analysis
; risk assessment
; runoff
; stormwater
; virus
; water quality
; watershed
; Article
; bacterium contamination
; California
; Campylobacter
; Campylobacter coli
; Campylobacter lari
; controlled study
; droplet digital polymerase chain reaction
; Enterococcus
; feces
; filtration
; Human adenovirus C
; hurricane
; limit of detection
; microbial contamination
; microorganism detection
; nonhuman
; Norovirus
; precipitation
; principal component analysis
; priority journal
; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
; salinity
; Salmonella
; seashore
; species composition
; water analysis
; water quality
; water temperature
; watershed
; bacterium
; classification
; environmental monitoring
; feces
; genetics
; human
; isolation and purification
; microbiology
; sports and sport related phenomena
; statistics and numerical data
; virus
; California
; San Diego
; United States
; Adenoviridae
; Aves
; Bacteria (microorganisms)
; Campylobacter
; Enterovirus
; Human adenovirus
; Norovirus
; Salmonella
; Bacteria
; California
; Cyclonic Storms
; Environmental Monitoring
; Feces
; Humans
; Seawater
; Sports and Recreational Facilities
; Viruses
; Water Microbiology
英文摘要: Along southern California beaches, the concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) used to quantify the potential presence of fecal contamination in coastal recreational waters have been previously documented to be higher during wet weather conditions (typically winter or spring) than those observed during summer dry weather conditions. FIB are used for management of recreational waters because measurement of the bacterial and viral pathogens that are the potential causes of illness in beachgoers exposed to stormwater can be expensive, time-consuming, and technically difficult. Here, we use droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (digital PCR) and digital reverse transcriptase PCR (digital RT-PCR) assays for direct quantification of pathogenic viruses, pathogenic bacteria, and source-specific markers of fecal contamination in the stormwater discharges. We applied these assays across multiple storm events from two different watersheds that discharge to popular surfing beaches in San Diego, CA. Stormwater discharges had higher FIB concentrations as compared to proximal beaches, often by ten-fold or more during wet weather. Multiple lines of evidence indicated that the stormwater discharges contained human fecal contamination, despite the presence of separate storm sewer and sanitary sewer systems in both watersheds. Human fecal source markers (up to 100% of samples, 20-12440 HF183 copies per 100 ml) and human norovirus (up to 96% of samples, 25-495 NoV copies per 100 ml) were routinely detected in stormwater discharge samples. Potential bacterial pathogens were also detected and quantified: Campylobacter spp. (up to 100% of samples, 16-504 gene copies per 100 ml) and Salmonella (up to 25% of samples, 6-86 gene copies per 100 ml). Other viral human pathogens were also measured, but occurred at generally lower concentrations: adenovirus (detected in up to 22% of samples, 14-41 AdV copies per 100 ml); no enterovirus was detected in any stormwater discharge sample. Higher concentrations of avian source markers were noted in the stormwater discharge located immediately downstream of a large bird sanctuary along with increased Campylobacter concentrations and notably different Campylobacter species composition than the watershed that had no bird sanctuary. This study is one of the few to directly measure an array of important bacterial and viral pathogens in stormwater discharges to recreational beaches, and provides context for stormwater-based management of beaches during high risk wet-weather periods. Furthermore, the combination of culture-based and digital PCR-derived data is demonstrated to be valuable for assessing hydrographic relationships, considering delivery mechanisms, and providing foundational exposure information for risk assessment. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112849
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd. Ste 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States; UNC Institute of Marine Science, 3431 Arendell Street, Morehead City, NC 28557, United States
Recommended Citation:
Steele J.A.,Blackwood A.D.,Griffith J.F.,et al. Quantification of pathogens and markers of fecal contamination during storm events along popular surfing beaches in San Diego, California[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,136