DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.019
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85042942497
论文题名: Specific and total N-nitrosamines formation potentials of nitrogenous micropollutants during chloramination
作者: Piazzoli A. ; Breider F. ; Aquillon C.G. ; Antonelli M. ; von Gunten U.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 135 起始页码: 311
结束页码: 321
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Chloramination
; N-nitrosamines formation potential
; NDMA
; Nitrogenous micropollutants
; Total N-Nitrosamines (TONO)
Scopus关键词: Amination
; Amines
; Cationic surfactants
; Chlorine compounds
; Consumer products
; Potable water
; Wastewater treatment
; Water distribution systems
; Water treatment
; Chloramination
; Formation potential
; Micropollutants
; N-nitrosamines
; NDMA
; Nitrosamines
; amine
; benzalkonium chloride
; cetrimonium chloride
; chlorhexidine
; dimethylbenz[a]anthracene
; metformin
; methyl group
; monochloramine
; nitrogen
; nitrosamine
; quaternary ammonium derivative
; tetramethylammonium
; tosylchloramide sodium
; chloramine derivative
; chlorhexidine
; dimethylnitrosamine
; drinking water
; metformin
; nitrogen
; nitrosamine
; ammonium compound
; carcinogen
; chemical compound
; chemical pollutant
; chemical reaction
; concentration (composition)
; drinking water
; experimental study
; wastewater
; wastewater treatment
; Article
; chemical modification
; chemical structure
; chloramination
; controlled study
; decomposition
; electron
; mass spectrometry
; nucleophilicity
; pH
; physical chemistry
; priority journal
; reaction analysis
; reaction time
; retention time
; solid phase extraction
; chemistry
; procedures
; waste water
; water management
; water pollutant
; United States
; Amines
; Chloramines
; Chlorhexidine
; Dimethylnitrosamine
; Drinking Water
; Metformin
; Molecular Structure
; Nitrogen
; Nitrosamines
; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
; Waste Water
; Water Pollutants, Chemical
; Water Purification
英文摘要: N-nitrosamines are a group of potent human carcinogens that can be formed during oxidative treatment of drinking water and wastewater. Many tertiary and quaternary amines present in consumer products (e.g., pharmaceuticals, personal care and household products) are known to be N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) precursors during chloramination, but the formation of other N-nitrosamines has been rarely studied. This study investigates the specific and total N-nitrosamine (TONO) formation potential (FP) of various precursors from nitrogen-containing micropollutants (chlorhexidine, metformin, benzalkonium chloride and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride) and tertiary and quaternary model amines (trimethyl amine, N,N-dimethylbutyl amine, N,N-dimethylbenzyl amine and tetramethyl ammonium). All the studied nitrogenous micropollutants displayed quantifiable TONO FP, with molar yields in the range 0.04–11.92%. However, the observed TONO pools constituted mostly of uncharacterized species, not included in US-EPA 8270 N-nitrosamines standard mix. Only the quaternary ammonium compound benzalkonium chloride showed quantifiable NDMA FP (0.56% molar yield), however, explaining only a minor fraction of the observed TONO FP. The studied model amines showed molar NDMA yields from 0.10% (trimethyl amine) to 5.05% (N,N-dimethylbenzyl amine), very similar to the molar TONO yields. The comparison of the FPs of micropollutants and model compounds showed that the presence of electron donating functional groups (such as a benzyl group) in tertiary and quaternary amine precursors leads to a higher formation of NDMA and uncharacterized N-nitrosamines, respectively. LC-qTOF screening of a list of proposed N-nitrosamine structures has enabled to identify a novel N-nitrosamine (N-nitroso-N-methyldodecylamine) from the chloramination of benzalkonium chloride. This finding supports the hypothesis that different functional groups in quaternary amines can act as leaving groups during chloramination and form differing N-nitrosamine structures at significant yield. Molar TONO yields determined for micropollutants were finally validated under experimental conditions closer to real water matrices, confirming their representativeness also for lower concentration ranges. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/112876
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy; School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland; Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, Dübendorf, 8600, Switzerland
Recommended Citation:
Piazzoli A.,Breider F.,Aquillon C.G.,et al. Specific and total N-nitrosamines formation potentials of nitrogenous micropollutants during chloramination[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,135