DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.001
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85034587155
论文题名: Assessment of sampling strategies for estimation of site mean concentrations of stormwater pollutants
作者: McCarthy D.T. ; Zhang K. ; Westerlund C. ; Viklander M. ; Bertrand-Krajewski J.-L. ; Fletcher T.D. ; Deletic A.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 129 起始页码: 297
结束页码: 304
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Monitoring
; Sampling strategies
; Site mean concentrations
; Stormwater
Scopus关键词: Catchments
; Escherichia coli
; Monitoring
; Runoff
; Storm sewers
; Storms
; Water management
; Coefficient of variation
; Escherichia coli (E. coli)
; Event mean concentrations
; Integrated urban water management
; Sampling strategies
; Site mean concentrations
; Stormwaters
; Volume-weighted averages
; Water pollution
; nitrogen
; storm water
; nitrogen
; rain
; coliform bacterium
; concentration (composition)
; confidence interval
; estimation method
; flow measurement
; monitoring
; nitrogen
; pollutant
; sampling
; stormwater
; suspended particulate matter
; water management
; Article
; catchment
; concentration (parameters)
; controlled study
; Escherichia coli
; event mean concentration
; nonhuman
; priority journal
; random sample
; site mean concentration
; solid
; volume
; water flow
; water pollutant
; water sampling
; analysis
; environmental monitoring
; evaluation study
; isolation and purification
; procedures
; water pollutant
; Escherichia coli
; Environmental Monitoring
; Escherichia coli
; Nitrogen
; Rain
; Water Movements
; Water Pollutants
; Water Pollutants, Chemical
英文摘要: The estimation of stormwater pollutant concentrations is a primary requirement of integrated urban water management. In order to determine effective sampling strategies for estimating pollutant concentrations, data from extensive field measurements at seven different catchments was used. At all sites, 1-min resolution continuous flow measurements, as well as flow-weighted samples, were taken and analysed for total suspend solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). For each of these parameters, the data was used to calculate the Event Mean Concentrations (EMCs) for each event. The measured Site Mean Concentrations (SMCs) were taken as the volume-weighted average of these EMCs for each parameter, at each site. 17 different sampling strategies, including random and fixed strategies were tested to estimate SMCs, which were compared with the measured SMCs. The ratios of estimated/measured SMCs were further analysed to determine the most effective sampling strategies. Results indicate that the random sampling strategies were the most promising method in reproducing SMCs for TSS and TN, while some fixed sampling strategies were better for estimating the SMC of E. coli. The differences in taking one, two or three random samples were small (up to 20% for TSS, and 10% for TN and E. coli), indicating that there is little benefit in investing in collection of more than one sample per event if attempting to estimate the SMC through monitoring of multiple events. It was estimated that an average of 27 events across the studied catchments are needed for characterising SMCs of TSS with a 90% confidence interval (CI) width of 1.0, followed by E.coli (average 12 events) and TN (average 11 events). The coefficient of variation of pollutant concentrations was linearly and significantly correlated to the 90% confidence interval ratio of the estimated/measured SMCs (R2 = 0.49; P < 0.01) as well as the number of events required to achieve certain accuracy, and hence could be a promising surrogate for determining the sampling frequency needed to accurately estimate SMCs of pollutants. © 2017 Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/113092
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Environmental and Public Health Microbiology Laboratory (EPHM Lab), Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Monash Infrastructure Research Institute, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Water Coordinator, Water Authority-bottenvikens Water District Lulea, Sweden; Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 97187, Sweden; Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP EA 7429, 34 Avenue des Arts, Villeurbanne Cedex, F-69621, France; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
Recommended Citation:
McCarthy D.T.,Zhang K.,Westerlund C.,et al. Assessment of sampling strategies for estimation of site mean concentrations of stormwater pollutants[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,129