DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.014
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85032659271
论文题名: Human health tradeoffs in wellhead drinking water treatment: Comparing exposure reduction to embedded life cycle risks
作者: Gifford M. ; Chester M. ; Hristovski K. ; Westerhoff P.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2018
卷: 128 起始页码: 246
结束页码: 254
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Arsenic
; Hexavalent chromium
; Life cycle assessment
; Water treatment tradeoffs
Scopus关键词: Arsenic
; Chromium compounds
; Commerce
; Diseases
; Groundwater
; Health risks
; Life cycle
; Potable water
; Toxicity
; Water pollution
; Wellheads
; Dose-response curves
; Exposure reduction
; Groundwater treatment
; Hexavalent chromium
; Human health risks
; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
; Pollutant concentration
; Strong base anion exchanges
; Chemicals removal (water treatment)
; arsenic
; carbon dioxide
; chromium
; drinking water
; hydrochloric acid
; sodium hydroxide
; sulfuric acid
; chromium hexavalent ion
; drinking water
; arsenic
; chromium
; comparative study
; concentration (composition)
; dose-response relationship
; drinking water
; life cycle
; pollutant removal
; public health
; risk assessment
; trade-off
; water treatment
; anion exchange
; Article
; carcinogenicity
; controlled study
; environmental exposure
; environmental impact
; health hazard
; life cycle assessment
; pH
; priority journal
; solid waste
; water pollutant
; water quality
; water treatment
; comparative study
; human
; isolation and purification
; neoplasm
; risk
; risk assessment
; theoretical model
; water management
; Arsenic
; Chromium
; Drinking Water
; Humans
; Models, Theoretical
; Neoplasms
; Risk
; Risk Assessment
; Water Pollutants, Chemical
; Water Purification
英文摘要: Treatment of drinking water decreases human health risks by reducing pollutants, but the required materials, chemicals, and energy emit pollutants and increase health risks. We explored human carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic disease tradeoffs of water treatment by comparing pollutant dose-response curves against life cycle burden using USEtox methodology. An illustrative wellhead sorbent groundwater treatment system removing hexavalent chromium or pentavalent arsenic serving 3200 people was studied. Reducing pollutant concentrations in drinking water from 20 μg L−1 to 10 μg L−1 avoided 37 potential cancer cases and 64 potential non-cancer disease cases. Human carcinogenicity embedded in treatment was 0.2–5.3 cases, and non-carcinogenic toxicity was 0.2–14.3 cases, depending on technology and degree of treatment. Embedded toxicity impacts from treating Cr(VI) using strong-base anion exchange were <10% of those from using weak base anion exchange. Acidification and neutralization contributed >90% of the toxicity impacts for treatment options requiring pH control. In scenarios where benefits exceeded burdens, tradeoffs still existed. Benefits are experienced by a local population but burdens are born externally where the materials and energy are produced, thus exporting the health risks. Even when burdens clearly exceeded benefits, cost considerations may still drive selecting a detrimental treatment level or technology. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/113129
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: Arizona State University, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Tempe, AZ 85281, United States; Arizona State University, The Polytechnic School, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States
Recommended Citation:
Gifford M.,Chester M.,Hristovski K.,et al. Human health tradeoffs in wellhead drinking water treatment: Comparing exposure reduction to embedded life cycle risks[J]. Water Research,2018-01-01,128