| DOI: | 10.1002/2017JD027941
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-85040743879
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| 论文题名: | Synoptic Formation of Double Tropopauses |
| 作者: | Liu C.; Barnes E.
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| 刊名: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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| ISSN: | 2169897X
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| 出版年: | 2018
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| 卷: | 123, 期:2 | | 起始页码: | 693
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| 结束页码: | 707
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| 语种: | 英语
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| 英文关键词: | adiabatic formation
; double tropopauses
; Rossby wave breaking
; stratosphere-troposphere exchange
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| Scopus关键词: | adiabatic process
; anticyclone
; COSMIC
; GPS
; inversion layer
; Northern Hemisphere
; Rossby wave
; satellite data
; stratosphere-troposphere interaction
; synoptic meteorology
; tropopause
; wave breaking
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| 英文摘要: | Double tropopauses are ubiquitous in the midlatitude winter hemisphere and represent the vertical stacking of two stable tropopause layers separated by a less stable layer. By analyzing COSMIC GPS data, reanalysis, and eddy life cycle simulations, we demonstrate that they often occur during Rossby wave breaking and act to increase the stratosphere-to-troposphere exchange of mass. We further investigate the adiabatic formation of double tropopauses and propose two mechanisms by which they can occur. The first mechanism operates at the tropopause break in the subtropics where the higher tropical tropopause sits on one side of the break and the lower extratropical tropopause sits on the other. The double tropopauses are then formed by differential meridional advection of the higher and lower tropopauses on the two sides of the tropopause break. We show that anticyclonic wave breaking can form double tropopauses mainly by providing stronger poleward advection of the higher tropopause in its poleward lobe. Cyclonic wave breaking mainly forms double tropopauses by providing stronger equatorward advection of the lower tropopause in its equatorward lobe. We demonstrate in the COSMIC GPS data and reanalysis that about half of the double tropopauses in the Northern Hemisphere winter can be directly attributed to such differential advection. For the second mechanism, adiabatic destabilization of the air above the tropopause contributes to the formation of a double tropopause. In this case, a tropopause inversion layer is necessary for this destabilization to result in a double tropopause. ©2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/114665
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| Appears in Collections: | 气候减缓与适应
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作者单位: | Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Liu C.,Barnes E.. Synoptic Formation of Double Tropopauses[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,2018-01-01,123(2)
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