DOI: 10.1002/joc.5674
论文题名: Global snow zone maps and trends in snow persistence 2001–2016
作者: Hammond J.C. ; Saavedra F.A. ; Kampf S.K.
刊名: International Journal of Climatology
ISSN: 8998418
出版年: 2018
卷: 38, 期: 12 起始页码: 4369
结束页码: 4383
语种: 英语
英文关键词: seasonal snow
; snow cover
; snow persistence
; trends
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric pressure
; Critical component
; Hydrologic cycles
; North Atlantic oscillations
; Northern Hemispheres
; Snow covers
; Southern Annular Mode
; Southern Hemisphere
; Trends
; Snow
; Antarctic Oscillation
; El Nino
; energy balance
; global perspective
; hydrological cycle
; marine atmosphere
; North Atlantic Oscillation
; Northern Hemisphere
; regional climate
; seasonal variation
; snow
; snow cover
; Southern Hemisphere
; surface energy
; trend analysis
; Antarctica
; Atlantic Ocean
; Atlantic Ocean (North)
英文摘要: Seasonal snow is a critical component of the surface energy balance and hydrologic cycle, yet global maps of seasonal snow boundaries are not readily available. Snow persistence (SP), the fraction of a year that snow is present on the ground, is an easily globally observed snow metric that can be used to map snow zones globally. Here we map snow zones across the globe using SP calculated from the MODIS10A2 product; evaluate how SP relates to precipitation, temperature, and climate indices; and examine trends in annual SP for 2001–2016. In the Northern Hemisphere, intermittent, seasonal, and permanent snow zones occupy a far greater percent (63%) of the land surface than in the Southern Hemisphere (<5%) where the low snow zone dominates (>95%). SP is most variable from year to year near the snow line, which has a relatively consistent decrease in elevation with increasing latitude across all continents. At lower elevations, SP is typically best correlated with temperature, whereas precipitation has greater relative importance for SP at high elevations. SP is best correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation in all continents except South America, where the Southern Annular Mode is a stronger influence, and Africa, where the strongest correlation is with the Oceanic Niño Index. Areas with decreasing SP trends cover 5.8% of snow zone areas, whereas those with increasing trends cover 1.0% of this area. The largest areas of declining SP are in the seasonal snow zones of the Northern Hemisphere. Trend patterns vary within individual regions, with elevation, and on windward-leeward sides of the mountains. This study supplies a framework for comparing snow between regions, highlights areas with snow changes, and can facilitate analyses of why snow changes vary within and between regions. © 2018 Royal Meteorological Society Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/116791
Appears in Collections: 气候减缓与适应
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Departamento de Ciencias Geográficas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Viña del Mar, Chile; Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
Recommended Citation:
Hammond J.C.,Saavedra F.A.,Kampf S.K.. Global snow zone maps and trends in snow persistence 2001–2016[J]. International Journal of Climatology,2018-01-01,38(12)