globalchange  > 气候减缓与适应
DOI: 10.1002/joc.5541
论文题名:
The accuracy of climate variability and trends across Arctic Fennoscandia in four reanalyses
作者: Marshall G.J.; Kivinen S.; Jylhä K.; Vignols R.M.; Rees W.G.
刊名: International Journal of Climatology
ISSN: 8998418
出版年: 2018
卷: 38, 期:10
起始页码: 3878
结束页码: 3895
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Arctic ; climate ; climate change ; Fennoscandia ; precipitation ; reanalysis ; temperature
Scopus关键词: Atmospheric temperature ; NASA ; Precipitation (chemical) ; Temperature ; Weather forecasting ; Arctic ; Climate ; European centre for medium-range weather forecasts ; Fennoscandia ; National centers for environmental predictions ; Near surface air temperature ; Reanalysis ; Research and application ; Climate change ; accuracy assessment ; air temperature ; climate change ; cooling ; precipitation (climatology) ; seasonality ; spatial variation ; trend analysis ; weather forecasting ; Arctic ; Fennoscandia
英文摘要: Arctic Fennoscandia has undergone significant climate change over recent decades. Reanalysis data sets allow us to understand the atmospheric processes driving such changes. Here we evaluate four reanalyses against observations of near-surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation (PPN) from 35 meteorological stations across the region for the 35-year period from 1979 to 2013. The reanalyses compared are the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) Interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim), the Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA) 55-year reanalysis (JRA-55) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). All four reanalyses have an overall small cool bias across Arctic Fennoscandia, with MERRA typically ~1 °C cooler than the others. They generally reproduce the broad spatial patterns of mean SAT across the region, although less well in areas of complex orography. Observations reveal a statistically significant warming across Arctic Fennoscandia, with the majority of trends significant at p <.01. Three reanalyses show similar regional warming but of smaller magnitude while CFSR is anomalous, even having a slight cooling in some areas. In general, the other reanalyses are sufficiently accurate to reproduce the varying significance of observed seasonal trends. There are much greater differences between the reanalyses when comparing PPN to observations. MERRA-Land, which merges a gauge-based data set, is clearly the best: CFSR is the least successful, with a significant wet bias. The smoothed reanalysis orography means that the high PPN associated with the western side of the Scandinavian Mountains extends too far inland. Spatial patterns of PPN trends across the region differ markedly between the reanalyses, which have varying success at matching observations and generally fail to replicate sites with significant observed trends. Therefore, using reanalyses to analyse PPN changes in Arctic Fennoscandia should be undertaken with caution. © 2018 Crown copyright. International Journal of Climatology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Royal Meteorological Society.
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/116820
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作者单位: British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Geographical and Historical Studies, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland; Weather and Climate Change Impact Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Recommended Citation:
Marshall G.J.,Kivinen S.,Jylhä K.,et al. The accuracy of climate variability and trends across Arctic Fennoscandia in four reanalyses[J]. International Journal of Climatology,2018-01-01,38(10)
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