DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.010
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85060446178
论文题名: Life cycle assessment of wastewater treatment in developing countries: A review
作者: Gallego-Schmid A. ; Tarpani R.R.Z.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2019
起始页码: 63
结束页码: 79
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Environmental impacts
; Eutrophication
; LCA
; Sanitation
; Sludge
; Sustainability
Scopus关键词: Developing countries
; Environmental impact
; Environmental technology
; Eutrophication
; Gas emissions
; Global warming
; Greenhouse gases
; Land use
; Sanitation
; Sustainable development
; Uncertainty analysis
; Wastewater treatment
; Advanced technology
; Agricultural purpose
; Characterization factors
; Decentralized system
; Less developed countries
; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
; Sludge
; Sludge management
; Life cycle
; activated sludge
; database
; developing world
; environmental impact
; eutrophication
; global warming
; land use change
; life cycle analysis
; sanitation
; sustainability
; uncertainty analysis
; wastewater treatment
; activated sludge
; carbon footprint
; developing country
; environmental impact
; eutrophication
; greenhouse effect
; life cycle assessment
; priority journal
; Review
; sludge management
; waste water management
; water quality
; China
; India
英文摘要: Within developing countries, wastewater treatment (WWT) has improved in recent years but remains a high priority sustainability challenge. Accordingly, life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have recently started to analyse the environmental impacts of WWT technologies on the specific context of less developed countries, mainly in China and India. This work presents a comprehensive review of this knowledge with the aim of critically analysing the main conclusions, gaps and challenges for future WWT-related LCAs in developing countries. The most commonly assessed technologies in the 43 reviewed articles are different variations of activated sludge and extensive treatments applied in decentralized systems; however, studies focused on advanced technologies or new sources of pollution (e.g. micropollutants) are still lacking. Goal and system boundaries are normally clearly defined, but significant stages for some technologies such as the construction and sludge management are frequently not included and functional units should be defined accordingly to specific conditions in developing countries. At the inventory level, a more concise description of sources and technical parameters would greatly improve the quality of the LCAs along with accountability of direct greenhouse gas emissions. Eutrophication and global warming are the two most commonly assessed impacts; however, the calculation of terrestrial ecotoxicity when the sludge is used for agricultural purposes, of water use and of the land use change impacts associated to extensive technologies should be encouraged. The estimation of more site-specific databases, characterization factors (especially for eutrophication) or normalization and weighting values combined with more affordable access to background databases and LCA software, would deeply increase the accuracy of WWT-related LCAs in developing countries. An increased usage of the uncertainty analysis should be encouraged to assess the influence of these gaps in the final interpretation of the results. The review finishes with a summary of the main challenges and research gaps identified and with specific guidelines for future researchers to avoid the most common shortcomings found in the reviewed studies. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/121997
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
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作者单位: Sustainable Industrial Systems, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom; Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Pariser Building, Sackville Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Gallego-Schmid A.,Tarpani R.R.Z.. Life cycle assessment of wastewater treatment in developing countries: A review[J]. Water Research,2019-01-01