DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.072
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-85057597699
论文题名: Membrane stripping enables effective electrochemical ammonia recovery from urine while retaining microorganisms and micropollutants
作者: Christiaens M.E.R. ; Udert K.M. ; Arends J.B.A. ; Huysman S. ; Vanhaecke L. ; McAdam E. ; Rabaey K.
刊名: Water Research
ISSN: 431354
出版年: 2019
起始页码: 349
结束页码: 357
语种: 英语
英文关键词: Membrane
; Micropollutant
; Nutrient recovery
; Pathogen
; Stripping
; Urine
Scopus关键词: Absorption
; Adsorbents
; Ammonia
; Bark stripping
; Bioreactors
; Body fluids
; Electrochemical cells
; Energy efficiency
; Escherichia coli
; Membranes
; Nitrogen removal
; Pathogens
; Recovery
; Source separation
; Liquid-liquid extraction
; Micropollutants
; Nitrification/denitrification
; Nitrogen removal rates
; Nutrient recovery
; Removal efficiencies
; Synthesis of ammonia
; Urine
; Stripping (removal)
; ammonia
; nitrogen
; ammonia
; electrochemical method
; membrane
; pathogen
; pollutant removal
; recovery
; urine
; waste technology
; Article
; autofluorescence
; concentration (parameters)
; controlled study
; denitrification
; electric conductivity
; electrochemical analysis
; energy cost
; Escherichia coli
; hydraulic retention time
; hydrophobicity
; liquid liquid extraction
; microorganism
; nonhuman
; pollutant
; priority journal
; process optimization
; reactor operation
; surface area
; urine
; vapor pressure
英文摘要: Ammonia recovery from urine avoids the need for nitrogen removal through nitrification/denitrification and re-synthesis of ammonia (NH 3 ) via the Haber-Bosch process. Previously, we coupled an alkalifying electrochemical cell to a stripping column, and achieved competitive nitrogen removal and energy efficiencies using only electricity as input, compared to other technologies such as conventional column stripping with air. Direct liquid-liquid extraction with a hydrophobic gas membrane could be an alternative to increase nitrogen recovery from urine into the absorbent while minimizing energy requirements, as well as ensuring microbial and micropollutant retention. Here we compared a column with a membrane stripping reactor, each coupled to an electrochemical cell, fed with source-separated urine and operated at 20 A m −2 . Both systems achieved similar nitrogen removal rates, 0.34 ± 0.21 and 0.35 ± 0.08 mol N L −1 d −1 , and removal efficiencies, 45.1 ± 18.4 and 49.0 ± 9.3%, for the column and membrane reactor, respectively. The membrane reactor improved nitrogen recovery to 0.27 ± 0.09 mol N L −1 d −1 (38.7 ± 13.5%) while lowering the operational (electrochemical and pumping) energy to 6.5 kWh e kg N −1 recovered, compared to the column reactor, which reached 0.15 ± 0.06 mol N L −1 d −1 (17.2 ± 8.1%) at 13.8 kWh e kg N −1 . Increased cell concentrations of an autofluorescent E. coli MG1655 + prpsM spiked in the urine influent were observed in the absorbent of the column stripping reactor after 24 h, but not for the membrane stripping reactor. None of six selected micropollutants spiked in the urine were found in the absorbent of both technologies. Overall, the membrane stripping reactor is preferred as it improved nitrogen recovery with less energy input and generated an E. coli- and micropollutant-free product for potential safe reuse. Nitrogen removal rate and efficiency can be further optimized by increasing the NH 3 vapor pressure gradient and/or membrane surface area. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd Citation statistics:
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/122096
Appears in Collections: 气候变化事实与影响
There are no files associated with this item.
作者单位: Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Gent, B-9000, Belgium; Department of Process Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Überlandstrasse 133, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland; Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland; Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133 D1, Merelbeke, B-9820, Belgium; Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, College Road, Bedfordshire, MK43 OAL, United Kingdom
Recommended Citation:
Christiaens M.E.R.,Udert K.M.,Arends J.B.A.,et al. Membrane stripping enables effective electrochemical ammonia recovery from urine while retaining microorganisms and micropollutants[J]. Water Research,2019-01-01