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Global sea level rise (SLR) rates are accelerating, and abnormal weather is occurring more frequently due to global warming and climate change. SLR could intensify coastal disasters and concerns of an increase in storminess. In this study, a two-dimensional advanced circulation model (ADCIRC) was used to simulate tides and storm surges around the Taiwan coast. The model was calibrated and verified using observed tides and storm surges at four tidal gauge stations, including Taipei Tamsui, Taichung Harbor, Kaohsiung Harbor, and Hualien Harbor, based on historical typhoon events. The root mean square error and skill value of the differences between the computed and observed water levels for model calibration and validation were in the range of 0.08-0.27 m and 0.92-0.99, respectively. The results showed a reasonable agreement between the simulated and observed tidal levels and surge heights. The validated model was then used to assess the impact of SLR on the tides and surge heights. Four typical typhoon events under present-day sea level conditions and under SLR conditions of 0.87 m and 1.9 m were used for the model simulations. The simulated results show that the largest differences in water levels and surge heights between present-day conditions and SIR of 0.87 m and 1.9 m are found at Taichung Harbor compared to other three-gauge stations. The changes in M-2 tidal amplitude are less than 1 cm due to sea level rise. Moreover, the timing of the M-2 tide was earlier by approximately 4.7 min and 9 min under SLR 0.87 m and 1.9 m, respectively, at Taichung Harbor. The maximum increases in water level ranged from 9.2 cm to 13.7 cm under SLR of 0.87 m and from 19.2 cm to 24.8 cm under SLR of 1.9 mat Taichung Harbor. The peak water level can significantly increase as a result of the SLR. All of these characteristics respond to an SLR with nonlinear and nonuniform behavior.