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This study focuses on the chemical weathering process under the influence of human activities in the Jiulongjiang River basin, which is the most developed and heavily polluted area in southeast China. The average total dissolved solid (TDS) of the river water is 116.6 mg/ L and total cation concentration (TZ +) is 1.5 meq/ L. Calcium and HCO 3 followed by Na + and SO2 4 constitute the main species in river waters. A mass balance based on cations calculation indicated that the silicate weathering (43.3%), carbonate weathering (30.7%), atmospheric (15.6%) and anthropogenic inputs (10.4%) are four reservoirs contributing to the dissolved load. Silicates (SCW) and carbonates (CCW) chemical weathering rates are calculated to be approximately 53.2 ton/ km2/ a and 15.0 ton/ km2/ a, respectively. When sulfuric and nitric acid from rainfall affected by human activities are involved in the weathering process, the actual atmospheric CO2 consumption rates are estimated at 3.7 105 mol/ km2/ a for silicate weathering and 2.2 105 mol/ km2/ a for carbonate weathering. An overestimated carbon sink (17.4 Gg C/ a) is about 27.0% of the CO2 consumption flux via silicate weathering in the Jiulongjiang River basin, this result shows the strong effects of anthropogenic factors on atmospheric CO2 level and current and future climate change of earth.