DOI: 10.1306/06041413119
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-84924001665
论文题名: A model describing flowback chemistry changes with time after Marcellus Shale hydraulic fracturing
作者: Balashov V.N. ; Engelder T. ; Gu X. ; Fantle M.S. ; Brantley S.L.
刊名: AAPG Bulletin
ISSN: 0149-1501
EISSN: 1558-9231
出版年: 2015
发表日期: 2015
卷: 99, 期: 1 起始页码: 143
结束页码: 154
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Chlorine compounds
; Horizontal drilling
; Horizontal wells
; Hydraulic fracturing
; Natural gas wells
; Oil well drilling
; Radioactive elements
; Salts
; Shale
; Strontium
; Water injection
; Hydro-fracturing
; Injected water
; Injection water
; Long term planning
; Low permeability
; Marcellus shales
; Mass-balance calculations
; Salt concentration
; Brines
; brine
; concentration (composition)
; flow modeling
; heavy metal
; horizontal drilling
; hydraulic fracture
; mass balance
; organic compound
; radioactive waste
; shale
; waste disposal
; Pennsylvania
; United States
Scopus学科分类: Energy
; Earth and Planetary Sciences
英文摘要: Between 2005 and 2014 in Pennsylvania, about 4000 Marcellus wells were drilled horizontally and hydraulically fractured for natural gas. During the flowback period after hydrofracturing, 2 to 4 × 103 m3 (7 to 14 × 104 ft3) of brine returned to the surface from each horizontal well. This Na-Ca-Cl brine also contains minor radioactive elements, organic compounds, and metals such as Ba and Sr, and cannot by law be discharged untreated into surface waters. The salts increase in concentration to ∼270 kg/m3 (∼16.9 lb/ft3) in later flowback. To develop economic methods of brine disposal, the provenance of brine salts must be understood. Flowback volume generally corresponds to ∼10% to 20% of the injected water. Apparently, the remaining water imbibes into the shale. A mass balance calculation can explain all the salt in the flowback if 2% by volume of the shale initially contains water as capillary-bound or free Appalachian brine. In that case, only 0.1%-0.2% of the brine salt in the shale accessed by one well need be mobilized. Changing salt concentration in flowback can be explained using a model that describes diffusion of salt from brine into millimeter-wide hydrofractures spaced 1 per m (0.3 per ft) that are initially filled by dilute injection water. Although the production lifetimes of Marcellus wells remain unknown, the model predicts that brines will be produced and reach 80% of concentration of initial brines after ∼1 yr. Better understanding of this diffusion could (1) provide better long-term planning for brine disposal; and (2) constrain how the hydrofractures interact with the low-permeability shale matrix. Copyright ©2015. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved. URL: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84924001665&doi=10.1306%2f06041413119&partnerID=40&md5=1cb967bd6d408371eef72afa655f6059
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/13072
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建 影响、适应和脆弱性 科学计划与规划 气候变化与战略 全球变化的国际研究计划 气候减缓与适应 气候变化事实与影响
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Recommended Citation:
Balashov V.N.,Engelder T.,Gu X.,et al. A model describing flowback chemistry changes with time after Marcellus Shale hydraulic fracturing[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2015-01-01,99(1)