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The Greenhouse gas emissions one of the hot topics all around the world which are causing climate change. In the face of anthropogenic climate change, increasing the carbon dioxide emissions as well as the development of Turkey seems to be a serious challenge for the success of global carbon dioxide emission reduction efforts. A decomposition analysis of historical and projected carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion of Turkey has been investigated by using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index technique by considering in particular carbon intensity, energy mix, energy intensity, affluence and population effects. The projected data have been obtained from International Panel on Climate Change based sustainable emission scenario. The results show that the all effects on carbon dioxide emissions were positive for historical evaluation. On the other hand, carbon intensity, energy mix and energy intensity effects on carbon dioxide emissions were negative while affluence and population effects were still positive for projected evaluations. Therefore, decision makers should be reconsider the carbon dioxide emissions reduction targets and some related policies. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.