| DOI: | 10.1306/02211211173
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| Scopus记录号: | 2-s2.0-84866879472
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| 论文题名: | Visualizing lateral anisotropy in modern carbonates |
| 作者: | Purkis S.J.; Vlaswinkel B.
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| 刊名: | AAPG Bulletin
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| ISSN: | 0149-1735
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| EISSN: | 1558-9465
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| 出版年: | 2012
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| 发表日期: | 2012
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| 卷: | 96, 期:9 | | 起始页码: | 1665
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| 结束页码: | 1685
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| 语种: | 英语
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| Scopus关键词: | Carbonate platforms
; Carbonate system
; Degree of anisotropy
; Depositional system
; Directional changes
; Geostatistical
; Markov property
; Modeling technique
; Non-stationarities
; Quantitative information
; Rule set
; Satellite images
; Stationarity
; Statistical stationarity
; Subsurface model
; Topographic models
; Translation invariants
; Variograms
; Water depth
; Carbonation
; Geographic information systems
; Geometry
; Reefs
; Stratigraphy
; Anisotropy
; anisotropy
; carbonate platform
; coastal lagoon
; depositional environment
; facies
; geostatistics
; GIS
; hydrodynamics
; isotropy
; lithology
; numerical model
; reconstruction
; reef
; satellite imagery
; seafloor mapping
; topography
; variogram
; visualization
; Mariana Islands
; Northern Mariana Islands
; Pacific Ocean
; Saipan
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| Scopus学科分类: | Energy
; Earth and Planetary Sciences
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| 英文摘要: | Statistical stationarity is a key assumption for the many modeling techniques based on variograms and transiograms used for geostatistical reconstruction of the subsurface. Stationarity expresses the property that the rules of geometry and neighborhood in the model are translation invariant, that is, no directional change in either mean or variance is observed. These criteria are met when the lateral arrangement of lithologie elements into a facies mosaic is isotropic. The balance between isotropy and anisotropy is a defining statistic in the configuration of both real and modeled carbonate landscapes. Even a cursory look at a satellite image of a modern carbonate platform shows that gradients in environment and hydrodynamics cause radical departures from isotropy. Although reef-forming organisms have changed through time, we do not expect that ancient reef systems behaved any differently than today. Hence, significant anisotropy should also be anticipated in the vertical and lateral arrangements of lithologies in the subsurface. To maintain sufficient geologic realism, it is paramount that process-imitating and patternreplicating models alike be capable of honoring an expected degree of nonstationarity. Despite this need, few studies exist that provide quantitative information to the reach and location of zones of geometric isotropy and anisotropy in carbonate systems, let alone methods with which this property can be assessed. In an effort to close this disjoint, we develop a method for evaluating a modern Pacific depositional system, the Saipan Lagoon, for which we have created a geographic information system stack consisting of mapped faciès distributions and a seabed topographic model, both at meter-scale resolution. By developing a lagged spatial metric based on the Markov property of facies transitions, we demonstrate that the degree of anisotropy is influenced by water depth; the shallowest areas (<5 m [<16 ft]) of the platform interior tend to be anisotropic whereas areas at greater depth are isotropic. This behavior suggests a possible extension to a genetic rule set that could be imparted to subsurface models based on the environment of deposition. This marks an advance in the understanding and, ultimately, handling of geometric nonstationarity in models of carbonate depositional systems. Copyright ©2012. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. |
| URL: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84866879472&doi=10.1306%2f02211211173&partnerID=40&md5=9e4dc2106eddd0c604ece3fd70cfee16
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| Citation statistics: |
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| 资源类型: | 期刊论文
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| 标识符: | http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/13305
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| Appears in Collections: | 过去全球变化的重建
影响、适应和脆弱性
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略
全球变化的国际研究计划
气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响
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| Recommended Citation: | |
Purkis S.J.,Vlaswinkel B.. Visualizing lateral anisotropy in modern carbonates[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2012-01-01,96(9)
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