DOI: 10.1306/08260909063
Scopus记录号: 2-s2.0-77951712029
论文题名: Distribution of faults and extensional strain in fractured carbonates of the North Malta Graben
作者: Putz-Perrier M.W. ; Sanderson D.J.
刊名: AAPG Bulletin
ISSN: 0149-1941
EISSN: 1558-9671
出版年: 2010
发表日期: 2010
卷: 94, 期: 4 起始页码: 435
结束页码: 456
语种: 英语
Scopus关键词: Carbonate rock
; Cross section
; Data cover
; Extensional faults
; Extensional strain
; Fault density
; Fault system
; Four-order
; Fractured carbonates
; Graben systems
; High quality
; Pelagic carbonates
; Scaling exponent
; Seismic reflection survey
; Seismic surveys
; Strain region
; Carbonates
; Sedimentation
; Seismic waves
; Seismology
; Geological surveys
; carbonate
; extensional tectonics
; fault zone
; graben
; outcrop
; seismic reflection
; strain
; Malta
Scopus学科分类: Energy
; Earth and Planetary Sciences
英文摘要: Faults in carbonate rocks occur over a wide range of scales, some of which lie below the resolution of seismic reflection surveys. For this reason, our knowledge of the spatial and size distributions of subseismic faults is very limited. In this study, we address this issue by directly measuring the positions and displacements of extensional faults along a total of 56 km [35 mi) of outcrop and map-derived cross sections from the pelagic carbonates of the Maltese Islands. The data cover close to four orders of displacement magnitude and provide insight into the organization of the fault system associated with the North Malta Graben system. Virtually all the brittle extension in the Maltese Islands is accommodated by faults, with displacements ranging from centimeters to greater than 100 m [328 ft). This extension is not homogeneously distributed across the islands but is localized in a few kilometer-wide higher strain zones, which are separated by virtually undeformed lower strain regions. At the centimeter scale, both regions have an average fault density of about 10-1 m-1 (spacing ∼10 m [33 ft]). In the lower strain areas, few of these faults attain displacements of greater than 10 m (33 ft) and would be below the resolution of most commercial seismic surveys. In the higher strain regions, however, faults with displacements of greater thanlO m (33 ft) occur at spacings of about 1 km (0.6 mi). This difference is reflected in the scaling exponents of D = 0.84 (higher strain) and D = 1.26 (lower strain), with larger faults dominating the deformation when D is greater than 1. Higher strain zones are more prominent in the North Malta Graben and produce an overall extension of approximately 3.3%, whereas they occur only locally in the surrounding horst regions where the extension is about 1.8%. These results indicate that high-quality seismic reflection surveys across the Malta platform might miss between 40 and 45% of the total extension and that estimates of subseismic faulting need to consider differences in the scaling of the higher and lower strain zones. Copyright © 2010. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists. All rights reserved. URL: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77951712029&doi=10.1306%2f08260909063&partnerID=40&md5=2deb5c0a9a783254320f44478bc9a7e4
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/13510
Appears in Collections: 过去全球变化的重建 影响、适应和脆弱性 科学计划与规划 气候变化与战略 全球变化的国际研究计划 气候减缓与适应 气候变化事实与影响
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Recommended Citation:
Putz-Perrier M.W.,Sanderson D.J.. Distribution of faults and extensional strain in fractured carbonates of the North Malta Graben[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2010-01-01,94(4)