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The efficient evaluation of the potential pollen production of plants can provide preventive measures for the allergic population. For this purpose, a comparative study of three methods was carried out to evaluate pollen production (volumetric method, Neubauer chamber and Coulter cell counts), as well as other three methods to estimate pollen viability (fluorometry, colorimetry and germination) of Fraxinus. Our results indicate that the Neubauer chamber and the colorimetric response to two stains (acetic carmine with glycerol, ACG; 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, TTC) are the most adequate methods to determine, respectively, pollen production and quality, according to criteria of low cost, speed and reliability of the obtained data. Climate change is likely to influence vegetation, with consequent changes in growth and reproductive cycles, and therefore in pollen production. Considering the data obtained during the last two decades (1997-2017), we detected a statistically significant trend toward the increase in the airborne total annual pollen integral of Fraxinus pollen in NW Spain.