The Amazon is the primary source of Neotropical diversity and a nexus for discussions on processes that drive biotic diversification. Biogeographers have focused on the roles of rivers and Pleistocene climate change in explaining high rates of speciation. We combine phylogeographic and niche-based paleodistributional projections for 23 upland terra firme forest bird lineages from across the Amazon to derive a new model of regional biological diversification. We found that climate-driven refugial dynamics interact with dynamic riverine barriers to produce a dominant pattern: Older lineages in the wetter western and northern parts of the Amazon gave rise to lineages in the drier southern and eastern parts. This climate/drainage basin evolution interaction links landscape dynamics with biotic diversification and explains the east-west diversity gradients across the Amazon.
1.Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Coordenacao Zool, Caixa Postal 399, BR-66040170 Belem, Para, Brazil 2.Univ Fed Para, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Programa Posgrad Zool, Av Perimetral 1901, BR-66077830 Belem, Para, Brazil 3.Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet InBIO, Campus Agr Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal 4.Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA 5.Univ Fed Para, Fac Educ Campo, Cameta, Brazil 6.Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Coordenacao Biodiversidade, Av Andre Araojo 2936, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil 7.Inst Tecnol Vale, Belem, Para, Brazil 8.Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, BR 232, BR-56909535 Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil 9.Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Programa Posgrad Genet Conservacao & Biol Evolut, Av Andre Araujo 2936, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil 10.Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, R Matao 277, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil 11.Univ Fed Para, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro, BR-68600000 Braganca, Para, Brazil 12.Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, Helsinki, Finland
Recommended Citation:
Silva, Sofia Marques,Townsend Peterson, A.,Carneiro, Lincoln,et al. A dynamic continental moisture gradient drove Amazonian bird diversification[J]. SCIENCE ADVANCES,2019-01-01,5(7)