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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107571
论文题名:
Tornado Intensity Estimated from Damage Path Dimensions
作者: James B. Elsner; Thomas H. Jagger; Ian J. Elsner
刊名: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
出版年: 2014
发表日期: 2014-9-17
卷: 9, 期:9
英文关键词: Tornadoes ; Wind ; Radar ; Statistical models ; Storms ; Climatology ; Potential energy ; Statistical distributions
英文摘要: The Newcastle/Moore and El Reno tornadoes of May 2013 are recent reminders of the destructive power of tornadoes. A direct estimate of a tornado's power is difficult and dangerous to get. An indirect estimate on a categorical scale is available from a post-storm survery of the damage. Wind speed bounds are attached to the scale, but the scale is not adequate for analyzing trends in tornado intensity separate from trends in tornado frequency. Here tornado intensity on a continuum is estimated from damage path length and width, which are measured on continuous scales and correlated to the EF rating. The wind speeds on the EF scale are treated as interval censored data and regressed onto the path dimensions and fatalities. The regression model indicates a 25% increase in expected intensity over a threshold intensity of 29 m s−1 for a 100 km increase in path length and a 17% increase in expected intensity for a one km increase in path width. The model shows a 43% increase in the expected intensity when fatalities are observed controlling for path dimensions. The estimated wind speeds correlate at a level of .77 (.34, .93) [95% confidence interval] with a small sample of wind speeds estimated independently from a doppler radar calibration. The estimated wind speeds allow analyses to be done on the tornado database that are not possible with the categorical scale. The modeled intensities can be used in climatology and in environmental and engineering applications. Research is needed to understand the upward trends in path length and width.
URL: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0107571
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资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/14646
Appears in Collections:过去全球变化的重建
影响、适应和脆弱性
科学计划与规划
气候变化与战略
全球变化的国际研究计划
气候减缓与适应
气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States of America

Recommended Citation:
James B. Elsner,Thomas H. Jagger,Ian J. Elsner. Tornado Intensity Estimated from Damage Path Dimensions[J]. PLOS ONE,2014-01-01,9(9)
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