Because of global warming, drought has become one of the most important factors limiting soybean production. With 12 soybean cultivars from different ecotypes as materials, we studied four drought resistance related genes expression characteristics on four different drought induction phases. And the results showed that: ① The expression of gene MAPK2 in leaves declined, and the expression of gene MAPK2 in drought resistance cultivar was higher than that in contrast. At the middle and later phases of drought induction, the drought resistances among soybean cultivars were significant different, such as Heinong44 and Fengshou24 showed drought resistance.② The activity of gene GST-Vsa highly rose, which increased the ability of soybean to eliminate active oxygen. The relatively expression of gene GST-Vsa in leaves from different cultivars enhanced, and which from Hefeng55, Suinong28, Heinong59 and Fengshou24 were higher than that in contrast.③ Endogenous heat shock protein expression is much higher after drought induction than control, but differs among different cultibvars. In the later stage of drought induction, the heat shock protein gene expressed higher in Ha5489, Heinong56,Suinong28, Heinong59 and Heinong50 compared with contrast cultivar Heinong44, but lower in other cultivars.④ Drought had an influence on the expression of Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase in soybean. Compared to under normal environment, the CDPK gene had little excess expression in the early drought stage, and apparently excess expression in the middle stage. Cultivars Ha5489, Suinon28, Heinong56 and Heinong59 had the highest expression. The study results confirmed that: under drought, multiple genes enabled high expression, and mediated diverse metabolic pathways to make soybean resistant to drought.