On the background of global climate change,human activities that mainly caused by polices exacerbated the regional eco - environment change. In this paper,we combined the historical documents,remote sensing, hydrology,vegetation and socio - economic data,applied statistical analysis to clarify the characteristics of the eco - environment change of Minqin during the past 60 years,then analyzed the internal driving force from the perspective of policy. The results show that eco - environment of Minqin experienced the process of good to bad and turned to good again. The turning points were mainly around 1980,2000 and 2007. These changes were closely related to the implementation of " Food Program" ,"Reform and Opening" and " Ecological Protections" policies.