It is of great theoretic and practical implications to study regional climatic change and drought trend at the background of global warming, which was extensively concerned by academic circles. Climatic change and drought trend were analysed by mathematical statistical method using daily temperature and precipitation data collected from 1981 to 2013 in Hengyang basin. The results showed that the climate in Hengyang basin had a warm dry trend with 0.034 1 ℃ annual average temperature increase per year, moreover, the increase trend was mostly dedicated by spring among four seasons with 0.054 4 ℃ temperature increase per year. The annual precipitation was reduced about 0.808 0 mm per year and the maximum reduction occurred in autumn with 3.335 1 mm decrease per year. The drought frequency increased 0.379 9 percent per year calculated by compound index (CDI) of meteorological drought and mainly increased in autumn with 0.910 4% increase per year. Among all grades of drought, extreme drought frequency increased with annual rate of 0.231 6%, ranked first.