Quantitative analysis and measurement of energy consumption of carbon emissions is the basis of global climate change. In this research,logarithmic mean weigh divisia method was used to analyze the carbon emission of primary energy consumption based on the 1980-2008 time series of statistical data. It was found that economic development is the major factor increasing the carbon emission. And energy efficiency is the major inhibiting factor. Meanwhile energy consumption structure had little effect. Then it was suggested that Hubei can develop low-carbon economics by optimizing the industrial structure,adjusting the energy consumption structure and improving energy efficiency.