globalchange  > 气候变化与战略
CSCD记录号: CSCD:5272570
论文题名:
吉林西部盐碱水田区全球变暖潜势研究
其他题名: Estimation of Global Warming Potential in the Saline-alkali Paddy Fields of Western Jilin
作者: 汤洁; 方天儒; 赵仁竹; 梁爽
刊名: 生态环境学报
ISSN: 1674-5906
出版年: 2014
卷: 23, 期:8, 页码:1095-1109
语种: 中文
中文关键词: 盐碱水田 ; 温室气体 ; 贡献率
英文关键词: GWP ; saline-alkali paddy field ; greenhouse gas ; GWP ; contribution rate
WOS学科分类: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向: Environmental Sciences & Ecology
中文摘要: 为了探讨吉林西部土地整理工程对区域全暖所做贡献,基于实测的水田土壤温室气体数据,进行区域温室气体排放分析,为进一步评估水田开发对全球变暖的影响提供科学依据。以吉林省西部盐碱水田区为研究对象,将野外调查采样和小区试验相结合,采集了水田的0~30 cm表层土壤样品带回进行小区实验。在小区内挖取100 cm*100 cm*50 cm的坑,在土坑底部铺设塑料布后,将从采样点带回的土壤填进坑内灌水,种植水稻,6块样地分别为不同开发年限,其处置模式与前郭当地的水肥管理相同,样地周围挖掘了排水渠。通过静态箱-气相色谱法监测水稻生长期土壤所释放的温室气体 CH_4,N_2O 和CO_2,计算水稻不同生长时期温室气体排放量及贡献率,估算研究区的区域变暖潜势(GWP),结合30年水田面积变化加权法分析温室气体GWP贡献率。结果表明:水田生长期温室气体排放总量(以CO_2气体计)随着开发年限的增加呈递增趋势,水田开发过程中CO_2、CH_4和N_2O各时期温室气体排放的贡献率都有一定变化,CO_2气体排放贡献率占主导地位在80%左右,CH_4的贡献率16.69%~20.39%,是N_2O的14~22倍,水田CH_4气体的排放对研究区综合温室效应有较大贡献,水田开发初期N_2O气体贡献率较成熟水田相比较高。在水稻生长旺盛期CO_2气体贡献率下降明显,CH_4气体贡献率显著升高,N_2O气体贡献率变化不大,在返青期和成熟期CH_4和N_2O 2种气体贡献率均较小,其中,除成熟期外新开发水田的CH_4气体贡献率均高于成熟水田,在水稻生长发育较快速的分蘖期、拔节孕穗期和抽穗开花期,CO_2气体贡献率下降且降幅明显,该阶段CH_4气体对温室效应的贡献比重加大,远高于N_2O气体。在水稻成熟期,3种温室气体的贡献率与其他时期相比发生较大变化,CH_4比 N_2O 略有优势,CO_2所占比例恢复至95%。这主要与水稻生长期间土壤条件的变化有关,生长旺盛期,淹水层为土壤中微生物提供了良好的厌氧条件,使得 CH_4贡献率增加。而成熟期水层浅,后期排水落干的条件不利于 CH_4排放,N_2O相比于成熟后植物呼吸作用大于光合作用产生的较多CO_2来说基本属于痕量气体。研究区GWP产生总量持续增加,且增长幅度与水田面积增加趋势一致。新开发水田对温室效应的贡献很大,这与本研究区近20年来大力发展水稻种植业有直接关系。说明吉林西部盐碱水田面积大规模的开发对区域变暖做出了一定贡献。
英文摘要: In order to explore the western Jilin land consolidation project's contribution to regional-wide warming, based on the measured data of paddy soil greenhouse gases, the analysis of regional greenhouse gas emissions, a scientific basis for assessing the impact of paddy development on global warming had been provided. With the method of combining field sampling and region experiments, taking saline-alkali paddy field of Jilin province as an investigation object, of 0~30 cm surface soil samples of paddy were collected back to the experiments field. Pits with the size of 100 cm * 100 cm * 50 cm were digged in the field, after laying plastic sheeting at the bottom of the pits, the soil taking back from the sampling points were filled into the pits, watering, planting rice. Six plots were filled with different developed age soil, their disposal model was the same as QianGuo's local water and fertilizer management, drainage.was digged around the plots To research the greenhouse gas emission and contribution in the paddy, estimate GWP in the area, CH_4, CO_2 and N_2O that released by soil during rice growth period were monitored by Static box - gas chromatography. combine The greenhouse gas GWP contribution was analysised combined with thirty years paddy area change. The results show that different development age total value greenhouse gas emissions (CO_2-eqv) during paddy growing appeared an increasing trend, in the development process paddy CO_2, CH_4 and N_2O emissions of greenhouse gases contribution rate for each period has a certain change, CO_2 emissions contribution rate is dominant about 80%, CH_4 contribution rate 16.69%~20.39%, is N_2O 14 to 22 times, indicating CH_4 emissions have a great comprehensive contribution on study area .In early paddy, N_2O has higher contribution rate compared to mature paddy. In the rice growing vigorous period, CO_2 contribution rate was decreased obviously, CH_4 contribution rate was increased significantly, N_2O contribution rate changed little. CH_4 and N_2O contribution rate is small in mature stage and returning green stage, which, apart from maturity stage the newly developed paddy CH_4 contribution rate, CO_2 contribution rate has dropped and fell significantly, the proportion of the contribution to greenhouse gas CH_4 increase, much higher than N_2O in this period. In mature stage three greenhouse gas contribution rate compared with other periods changed greatly, CH_4 than N_2O has a slight advantage, CO_2 makes a recovery percentage to 95%. This is mainly with changes in soil conditions, In the rice growing vigorous period, waterlogged layer provides a good soil microbial anaerobic conditions, makes CH_4 contribution rate increase.In mature stage shallow water layer and draining off, the dry conditions are not conducive to CH_4 emissions, N_2O is basically trace gas compared to the CO_2 which produced by mature plant respiration more than photosynthesis. The total GWP in the study area continue to increase, and the growth rate was the same with the area of paddy field increased trend. The newly developed paddy contributed significantly to the greenhouse effect, which with the development of rice farming in nearly 20 years in the study area has a direct relationship. It shows that large-scale development in the western area of Jilin saline paddy has made some contribution to regional warming.
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/148179
Appears in Collections:气候变化与战略

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作者单位: 吉林大学环境与资源学院, 长春, 吉林 130012, 中国

Recommended Citation:
汤洁,方天儒,赵仁竹,等. 吉林西部盐碱水田区全球变暖潜势研究[J]. 生态环境学报,2014-01-01,23(8):1095-1109
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