Soil organic carbon in forest ecosystems is important in the terrestrial carbon cycle, occuping an important position in the global carbon budget and global change. Fire disturbance is an important factor which affects carbon cycling, changing carbon exchange between soil and atmosphere in forest ecosystems. Therefore, strengthening soil organic carbon cycling research under the fire disturbance in forest ecosystems, understanding interactions between fire disturbance and soil organic carbon cycling, those could help to reveal the dynamic mechanism of soil carbon pools under the fire disturbance. This paper reviewed the research progress on the fire disturbance on soil organic carbon in the forest ecosystem, and discussed the influence of different intensities of forest fire disturbance on soil organic carbon, and analyzed its generating mechanism. In addition, the change and its influence factor of soil organic carbon during different fire disturbance periods and the influence of fire disturbance on the soil organic carbon in different soil layers was also discussed. Finally, we dicussed the related issues in forest soil organic carbon research that should be paid more attention in future, and looked forward to the future research direction.