Permian in Southwest Tarim widely distributed,analyze its sedimentary characteristics and evolution as a whole regionally is significant for prediction of oil-gas resource potential.Through of foreland outcrop observation, drilling and well logging interpretation, core observation and sample analysis, combined with previous known results, 7 main developmental facies (open platform facies, restrcted platform facies, tidal-flat facies, shallow clasolite-carbonatite continental shelf, delta facies, alluvial fan facies, shore-shallow lake facies) are recognized in Permian. The main development types of sedimentary facies of the lower, middle and upper Permian in southwestern Tarim are analyzed, from the early Permian to late Permian, it is a process of evolution from marine sediments to the continental sediments, which is controlled by the sea level change, tectonics, sediment supply and climate change, in different periods, the main controlling factor is different. The formation and development of the Lower Permian is mainly controlled by sea level in a relatively high water level; The formation of Middle Permian is controlled by falling sea level and volcanic activity, sea level fall causing the climate gradually become dry and hot; the Upper Permian formation is mainly controlled by tectonic activity, which resulted the morphological changes and sediment source supply.