The fractional vegetation cover (FVC) is an important indicator for evaluation of impacts of climate change and the ecosystem conditions. In this study,FVC and its tempspatial variation from 2001 to 2010 in Jilin province was deeply examined on the basis of MODIS-NDVI data. The results are the following: 1) FVC in the eastern region was better than in the western region,but FVC in the western region became better and better. According to the principle of population center,the center of gravity for FVC in Jilin province had the trend of shifting to high latitudes and low longitude. 2) The FVC were greatly different for different land use types. The FVC for the woodland,farmland,and grassland decreased in turn; 3) After analyzing the data of the meteorological stations in Changchun, Siping, QianGorlos, and Yanji, we found that the precipitation and the FVC in the eastern regions are positively related and the precipitation and the FVC in the center and western regions are negatively related.