Using data concerning temperature and precipitation from four representative meteorological stations within the Bortala River Basin, Location, China from 1960 to 2010, and observational data concerning runoff volume from two representative hydrological stations between 1980 and 2010,trend analyses and mutation tests towards climate and runoff volume were conducted. The results show that the annual average temperature of the Bortala River Basin has risen; the rise of temperature in winter is the largest contribution to temperature change in the basin. At the same time, precipitation in the basin has been increasing. Runoff volume of the Bortala River is in slow and progressive increase at the rate of 0.049*10~8m~3/10a, and during the period from 1997 to 1998,a sudden change from relatively low period to relatively high period occurred. The correlation between temperature and runoff volume is larger upstream than downstream. For the correlation between precipitation and runoff volume, the downstream correlation is larger than upstream. When the rainfall amount is fixed, for every 1℃ that temperature increases, runoff volume will increase by 4.1% ; when the temperature is fixed, for every 10% that precipitation increases runoff volume will increase by 4.6. This pattern suggests that runoff volume responses to changes in precipitation and temperature are obvious.