Cold injury and heat damage are major agro- meteorological disasters seriously hampering rice growth and development in China. Under the background of global warming, increasing extreme temperature events have raised the risk of rice production to cold injury and heat damage. On the basis of researches at home and abroad,we reviewed the status and latest progress on the study of rice cold injury and heat damage from six aspects:(1)impact mechanisms of cold injury(including delayed cool injury and sterile-type chilling injury)and heat damage on rice growth and final yield;(2)the advantages and disadvantages of two common ways to monitor rice cold injury and heat damage,i.e. ground monitoring technique and remote sensing monitoring technique;(3)long-term,medium and short-term early warning methods against cold injury and heat damage;(4)spatial patterns of cold injury and heat damage in major rice-planting areas across China,and temporal trends in different planting areas;(5)four typical methods of assessing the impacts of cold injury and heat damage on rice yield,including experiments,historical statistics, crop model simulation and remote sensing methods;and(6)the impacts of cold injury and heat damage on rice yield under future climate. Finally,the major conclusions are discussed and the prospects of subsequent research on rice cold injury and heat damage are suggested. It is hoped this study will aid the management of rice cold injury and heat damage.