Hola basin, an area belong to Mohe County of Heilongjiang Province, is located in the north Greater Khingan Mountains. The features of permafrost in the basin are that from the centre to the margin, the permafrost depth is becoming thinner, from 100-120 m to 10-20 m, and the mean annual ground temperature is becoming higher, from -2.9 ℃ to 0.5 ℃; talik occurs on the surrounding mountains only. The features are further complicated due to the effect of local geology, geography, coal thickness, groundwater and vegetation, and vary greatly even within a relatively small area. During the last few decades, permafrost and cold regions environment have been remarkably affected by climate warming and increasing of human activities. In view of this, a scientific expedition group from the State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, had conducted two surveys (June 2013, May to July 2014) and corresponding fieldworks on permafrost environment in the Hola basin. The following result are obtained: Eight boreholes were drilled in the basin; to further analyze the formation mechanisms of lakes and understand the climatic and environmental changes in this area, soil samples were taken from hand-dug pits and wellbores of lake sediments down to 2.5 m. Through geological exploration, it is surmised that the massive ground ice is gradually melting; based on the investigation on the permafrost environment, it is found that a large number of thermokarst lakes are widespread in the Hola basin. Water samples were collected from lakes to analyze environmental isotopes, hydrogen and oxygen-18, and hydrochemistry composition.