The loessial hilly region of Western Henan comprises loess soils primarily covered in forest and is of great significance for environmental protection in central and western China. Forest resource inventory data obtained from the Luoyang area of western Henan in 2007 formed the basis of this study. An average biomass computational method recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was used to estimate forest carbon storage and carbon density under different forest types, tree species, stand ages and forest origins as well as the spatial distribution patterns of stored carbon in Luoyang forests. The results showed that the total forest vegetation carbon storage in the study area was 31.45 Tg (1 Tg=1*10~(12) g) with an average forest vegetation carbon density of 38.81 Mg/ha (1 Mg=1*10~6 g). In which the carbon storage of arbor forest was 25.06 Tg, accounting for 79.67% of the total forest vegetation carbon storage in study area, and the average carbon density of various tree species was 42.08 Mg/ha. The carbon storage of different forest categories ranked in the order: arbor forest>four-side tree>economic forest>shrub forest>bamboo forest>scattered trees>open forest. Quercus forest had the highest carbon storage and Larch forest the lowest carbon density among different tree species. The carbon storage and carbon density of natural forest were higher than that of plantation forests. Carbon storage in different Counties of Luoyang ranged from 0.31 to 10.34 Tg, and carbon density ranged 18.41 to 44.47 Mg/ha. Forest carbon storage systematically increased from northeast to southwest. Hence, Songxian County had the highest carbon storage and carbon density while Yanshi County had the lowest. Research area forest mainly consisted of young-age and middle-age forests but the carbon density of mature forests was the highest among all of the age classes. The forest vegetation in the loessial hilly region of Luoyang in western Henan has potential to store considerable quantities of carbon through growth of young and middle-aged forests.