A systematic study on spores and pollen grains in the lower coal bearing member of the Oligocene Yongning Formation at Langdonggaopo in Nanning Basin is carried out. The study site is located at NE Nanning City with the geographic coordinates of 22°49'39.5"N, 108°25'19.7"E. Thickness of the profile is around 7m,mainly consisting of mudstone,silty mudstone and siltstone. A total of 67 genera are recognized in 8 samples including spores, pollen grains and algae. One palynological assemblage and three subassemblages are established. Palynological assemblage is mainly characterized by Altingiaceae,Fagaceae,Ulmaceae,Juglandaceae,Salicaceae and Oleaceae,along with some small amount of Aceraceae, Betulaceae, Rutaceae, Anacardiaceae, Tiliaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Euphorbiaceae,Proteaceae,Meliaceae,Nyssaceae,Caprifoliaceae,Symplocaceae and Loranthaceae in woody angiosperms; and a small amount of herbaceous angiosperms including Cyperaceae,Ranunculaceae, Labiatae, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Polygonaceae, Sparganiaceae and Nymphaeaceae. There are a certain amount of gymnosperms, mainly including Taxodiaceae and Pinaceae, and a few of Podocarpaceae. Pteridophytes consist of Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Osmundaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Sphagnaceae, Lygodiaceae. In addition, there are also some algae, including Rugasphaera, Verrucosphaera, Leiosphaeridia in acritarchs, Concentricystis with unknown affinity, and Pediastrum belonging to Hydrodictyaceae in Chlorophyta. The contents of gymnosperm pollen, especially Pinaceae decrease gradually from bottom to top, and algae mainly occur in the middle part, while fern spores are more often found in the upper part of the profile. The palynological assemblage can thus be further divided into three subassemblages. This palynoflora reveals a warm and humid climate during the depositing period, with a vegetation type of subtropical wet evergreen, and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest. The environment at that time was stable, and climate was warm. Lakes and wetlands gradually got fully developed, and swamps were formed in the late stage. The current palynological assemblage may reflect to some extent the gradually warming process in the Early-Middle Oligocene after a globally recognizable rapid climate cooling in the Latest Eocene.