The study on 44 fossil pollen samples of Tamarix cone sedimentary veins from the Andier ancient city indicated that the pollen assemblages consist of mainly the herb pollen and the shrub pollen,followed by the tree pollen,few of fern spores and aquatic plants. The vegetation in Andier ancient city region had succeeded from the desert - shrub to the desert - grass,then to the desert - shrub vegetation since 1792. Based on the finished pollen samples,we reconstructed the process of climate change quantitatively by using of WAPLS method,which could be divided into 3 stages: from 1792 to 1905,the climate was warm and dry,the annual average temperature had risen gradually from 10.5℃ to 12.6℃,the annual precipitation changed between 33.4 mm and 70.4mm,however,there were several secondary warm and cool cycles during this period. During the period from1905 to 1950,the climate was cold and wet,the annual average temperature had been falling continuously from9.5℃ to 11.7℃,the annual average precipitation had increased significantly from 52.9 mm to 95.1mm. After1950,the annual average temperature had increased gradually from 10.2℃ to 12.2℃,and the annual precipitation that was between 47.3mm and 81.6mm decreased but still relatively humid.