The distribution and changes of surface water and wetlands at Yushenfu mining area were investigated by using the data sources from three periods Spot remote sensing image,i. e. 1990,2001 and 2011. The results show that: Surface water area was shrunk in these period. The rates of shrink from 1990 to 2001 and from 2001 to 2011 were 17. 73% and 22. 39%, respectively; Wetland area extended 65. 91% from 1990 to 2001,however,decreased by 50. 92% from 2001 to 2011; Surfacewater area changed to wetland or other type of land,which make wetland area maintained unchanged in the past 20 years; It was main driving forces that climate change,coal mining,ecological environment protection and water source construction driven surfacewater and wetland area evolution; The role and order of each driving force factors for surface water and wetland evolution were determined by the fuzzy analytical hierarchy approach, the contributions of the coal mining,climate change, reservoir construction and recovery of vegetation was 0. 375,0. 292,0. 208 and 0. 125, respectively; Coal mining with water protection,groundwater extraction reduced and high water consumption vegetation disappeared can be used to protect the water and wetlands.