Based on eleven bio-climatic data under current condition (1950-2000), 2050 and 2070 climatic condition under RCP45CO2 emission scenarios, and 18 geographical records of Calymperes in China, MaxEnt models and ArcGis 9.3 software were applied to predict the change of the potential distribution of the genus in 41 Reserves in China. The main results are as follows: 1) under the present climatic conditions, the genera Calymperes have the highest climatic adaptation indices in Hainan and Taiwan islands. Among the 41 reserves, 26 have suitable climatic conditions for Calymperes. Latitude is a key factor influencing the distribution of Calymperes. The relationship of the integrated climatic adaptation index (Y) and Latitude (X) follows Y= 19.9650X~((-0.057x)) (r=0.9445, P<0.01); 2) under the climatic conditions in 2050, there are 32 Reserves with suitable climatic conditions for Calymperes, while in 2070, except for Gonggashan (Sichuan Province) and Foping (Shannx Province), all the other 39 Reserves would have suitable climatic conditions for the genus. The area percentage of potential distribution regions under current, 2050 and 2070 climatic conditions are 5.39%, 7.66% and 15.56%, respectively, with their integrated climatic adaptation indexes being 0.0682, 0.0817, and 0.1117, respectively. As the climate became warming, the regions climatic became suitable for Calymperes expanding; 3) The average temperature of the coldest quarter is the most important factor influencing the distribution of Calymperes, followed by temperature seasonality, temperature annual range, and mean temperature of driest quarter, with their relative contribution percentage being 77.1%, 10.2%, 7.3% and 4.8%, respectively. With the increase of the average temperature of the coldest quarter and that of the driest quarter, the logistic distribution probability of Calymperes would increase, while with the increase of the temperature seasonality, temperature annual range, and mean diurnal temperature range, the logistic distribution probability of Calymperes would decrease.