To explore the impact of climate change on vegetation cover in Ebinur Lake Basin, we apply the data set SPOT VEGETATION to study the trend of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and spatial pattern in this area, using a maximum synthesis and linear regression method. Combining the annual precipitation and annual average temperature in the same period, the vegetation cover driving force of climate change is discussed through partial correlation and multiple correlation analyses. The results indicate that NDVI increases significantly, showing a good development trend. Among various natural factors, precipitation has a deeper and more widespread effect on vegetation than temperature during 15 years in Ebinur Lake Basin. In addition, about 88.9% of the study area is impacted by non-climate factor drivers, while 11.1% is driven by climate factors and mainly distributes in the eastern basin.