Plant science in China has been developing steadily in 2014 in that there is a rapid growth in the original and creative research papers. Chinese scientists have made significant contributions to insights into important plant scientific issues, such as the mechanism of strigolactone signaling transduction in rice, the regulation of rice metabolic hereditary, the genetic basis of rice male sterility, agronomy and the environmental biology. Researches on plant genomics exhibit multi-dimensional and integrative trends, spaning from function to evolution with diverse materials from model crops to cash crops. Significant progresses have been made on the responses of ecosystem carbon sink to global climate change. The achievements of plant sciences, especially in rice biology, in China have been drawn great attentions by the high impact journals including Nature. This review aims to provide an overall picture of plant science researches in China and highlights some of the important findings in 2014.