2015 is the International Year of Soil, which indicates soils are the central consideration of what constitutes sustainable development. However, due to direct or indirect human disturbance such as land use change, soil management and land degradation, soil becomes fragile under the global change pressures. Soils play a critical role in delivering ecosystem services. The co-benefits or trade-offs between various ecosystem services provided by soils are main issues focused by the researchers. Soil carbon, nutrient and water cycles, and soil biodiversity could be related to the provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural ecosystem services which they underpin. Characterizing and quantifying soil resilience for ecosystem services are main challenges to seek the sustainable soil management for improving soil resilience. Developing the ecosystem service indicators system and assessing the co-benefits or trade-offs between various ecosystem services using multiscale, multi-objectives, multi-factors approaches are both focused on the process of research. Furthermore, model simulation is one of the key approaches for the quantification of soil resilience for ecosystem services.