Climate warming has a potential to aggravate regional hydrologic cycle and enhance the risk of floods and droughts. By use of the data of 588 meteorological observatories in China from 1960 to 2005,the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index-based meteorological flood and drought spatiotemporal evolution characteristics was analyzed, and through Copula function and air temperature,a two-dimensional joint distribution was extablished. The possible effect of temperature rise on occurrence of flood and drought extreme events in China was revealed. The results indicate that under different air temperature rise scenarios,the extreme events of meteorological droughts and floods with different return periods have different responses. It is hoped that the research may make an active contribution to flood and drought prerention and reduction,and water resources management of river basins.