In the background of global warming,drought disasters happened frequently in Xilingol League,which caused serious impact and losses of the agricultural and livestock production and human life. Analyzing the spatiotemporal characteristics of the drought can provide a reference for disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the monthly precipitation data of 15 meteorological stations in the whole league from 1960 - 2013,the standardized precipitation indices of 12 months and 3 months scales were calculated,the drought evolution laws in yearly and seasonal scales were analyzed,and the spatial characteristics of regional drought was also analyzed with principal component analysis and spatial interpolation methods. Conclusions include:(1) the yearly and seasonal drought of the league are getting more frequent and tend to last longer,with drought frequency of each scale being about 30%, and the drought being mainly in light and middle levels,heavy drought and serious drought frequency being lower. Summer and yearly drought station ratio and drought intensity show a trend of increase and aggravation,while spring,autumn and winter drought have trends of reduction and mitigation. (2) The spatial distribution of first four eigenvalue vectors is mainly consistent with the four kinds of vegetation cover regions of Xilingol League,namely the farming - pastoral zone,desert steppe zone,typical steppe zone and meadow steppe zone. Four regional drought periods are strongly consistent,all having the drought trends,drought intensity sequencing being desert steppe zone > typical steppe zone > farming - pastoral zone > meadow steppe zone. Drought frequency and drought station ratio of four regions are almost unanimous.