By analyzing the spatial and temporal characteristics of the meteorological data such as temperature and precipitation, and the information of plateau monsoon, atmospheric circulation, and vegetation cover from 1961 to 2013, the climate contributing factors of regional differences are revealed. It is found that the climate change showed a significant warming trend in recent 53 years in Qaidam Basin. The climate trend rate of annual mean temperature attained 0.48 ℃/10 a, that the amplitude is higher than that of the whole Qinghai-Tibet Plateau obviously, even that of the national and global levels. Lagging behind the warming, it is apparently becoming wetter in Qaidam Basin. The precipitation and the rainfall days showed a tendency of increase at more than 95% confidence level. The distribution of warm and humid change showed distinct longitudinal zonality. The regions getting warmer significantly usually did not turn wetter obviously, and vice versa. In the global warming situation, solar radiation reduction,the tendency of the plateau monsoon being stronger, the weaker westerly circulation, and the recovery of the vegetation, which all have the distinct characteristics of longitudinal zonality, are the contributing factors to the regional differentiation of the climate change in Qaidam Basin.